Scudamore-Stanhope was the eldest child of the 9th Earl of Chesterfield and succeeded to his father's titles in 1887. On 15 February 1900, Lord Chesterfield married Hon. Enid Edith Wilson (the second daughter of the 1st Baron Nunburnholme) but they did not have any children. He held various offices in the Royal Household and died in 1933, when his titles were inherited by his brother, Henry.