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Definitions
biobio
biobio
December 21
Events
69
- The end of the
Year of the four emperors
: Following
Galba
,
Otho
and
Vitellius
,
Vespasian
becomes the fourth
Emperor of Rome
within a year.
1598
-
Battle of Curalaba
: The revolting
Mapuche
, led by
cacique
Pelentaru
, inflict a major defeat on
Spanish
troops in southern
Chile
; all Spanish cities south of the
Biobio river
are eventually
taken by the Mapuches
, and all conquest of Mapuche territories by Europeans practically ceases, until the 1870s "
Pacification of Araucania
".
1620
-
Plymouth Colony
:
William Bradford
and the
Mayflower
Pilgrims
land on what is now known as
Plymouth Rock
in
Plymouth, Massachusetts
.
1844
- The
Rochdale Pioneers
commence business at their
cooperative
in
Rochdale, England
, starting the
Cooperative movement
.
1861
-
Medal of Honor
: Public Resolution 82, containing a provision for a Navy Medal of Valor, is signed into law by
President
Abraham Lincoln
.
1872
-
Challenger expedition
:
HMS Challenger
, commanded by Captain
George Nares
, sails from
Portsmouth
.
1883
- The first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the
Canadian Army
are formed:
The Royal Canadian Dragoons
and
The Royal Canadian Regiment
.
1913
-
Arthur Wynne
's "word-cross", the first
crossword puzzle
, is published in the
New York World
.
1958
-
French presidential election
:
Charles de Gaulle
is elected
President of France
as his
Union des Démocrates pour la République
party gain 78.5% of the vote.
1962
-
Rondane National Park
is established as
Norway
's first
national park
.
1967
-
Louis Washkansky
, the first man to undergo a
heart transplant
, dies in
Cape Town
,
South Africa
, after living for 18 days.
1968
-
Apollo program
:
Apollo 8
, the first manned mission to the
moon
, is launched from the
Kennedy Space Center
in
Florida
. At 2h:50m:37s Mission elapsed time (MES), the crew performs the first ever manned
Trans Lunar Injection
and become the first humans to leave Earth's
gravity
.
1971
- The
United Nations Security Council
chooses
Kurt Waldheim
to succeed
U Thant
as
Secretary-General
.
1973
- The
Geneva Conference
on the
Arab-Israeli conflict
opens.
1979
-
Lancaster House Agreement
: An independence agreement for
Rhodesia
is signed in
London
by
Lord Carrington
, Sir
Ian Gilmour
,
Robert Mugabe
,
Joshua Nkomo
, Bishop
Abel Muzorewa
and S.C. Mundawarara.
1987
- The passenger ferry
Doña Paz
sinks after colliding with the oil tanker
Vector 1
in the Tablas Strait in the
Philippines
, killing 1,565.
1988
- A bomb explodes on board
Pan Am flight 103
over
Lockerbie
,
Dumfries and Galloway
,
Scotland
, killing 270.
1989
- The
Romanian Revolution of 1989
moves from Timişoara to Bucharest.
1991
-
Charilaos Florakis
is elected honorary president of the
Communist Party of Greece
.
1992
- A
Dutch
DC-10
, flight
Martinair MP 495
, crashes at
Faro Airport (Portugal)
, killing 56 people.
1995
- The city of
Bethlehem
passes from
Israeli
to
Palestinian
control.
1999
- The
Spanish Civil Guard
intercepts a van loaded with 950
kg
of explosives that
ETA
intended to use to blow up
Torre Picasso
in
Madrid
.
2006
-
Puzzle Play
aired to network Ten, replacing
In the Box
2007
- The
Schengen Agreement
area increases to include 9
European Union
member states;
Czech Republic
,
Estonia
,
Hungary
,
Latvia
,
Lithuania
,
Malta
,
Poland
,
Slovakia
, and
Slovenia
on land and sea borders.
Births
1118
-
Thomas Becket
,
Lord Chancellor of England
and
Archbishop of Canterbury
(d.
1170
)
1401
-
Tommaso Masaccio
, Italian painter (d.
1428
)
1596
-
Petro Mohyla
, Moldovan Orthodox Metropolitan Bishop of Kiev and Galicia (d.
1646
)
1603
-
Roger Williams
, English theologian and colonist (d.
1684
)
1714
-
John Bradstreet
, Canadian-born soldier (d.
1774
)
1778
-
Anders Sandøe Ørsted
, Danish politician (d.
1860
)
1795
-
Leopold von Ranke
, German historian (d.
1886
)
1804
-
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield
,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
(d.
1881
)
1805
-
Thomas Graham
, British chemist (d.
1869
)
1811
-
Archibald Campbell Tait
,
Archbishop of Canterbury
(d.
1882
)
1815
-
Thomas Couture
French painter and teacher (d.
1879
)
1818
-
Amalia of Oldenburg
, Queen of
Greece
(d.
1875
)
1832
-
John H. Ketcham
, American politician (d.
1906
)
1843
-
Thomas Bracken
, Irish-born New Zealand poet (d.
1898
)
1850
-
Zdeněk Fibich
, Bohemian composer (d.
1900
)
1850 -
William Wallace Lincoln
, son of U.S. president
Abraham Lincoln
(d.
1862
)
1851
-
Thomas Chipman McRae
, American politician, 34th
Governor of Arkansas
(d.
1929
)
1859
-
Gustave Kahn
, French poet (d.
1936
)
1872
-
Sidney Ainsworth
, British actor (d.
1922
)
1872 -
Don Lorenzo Perosi
, Italian composer (d.
1956
)
1872 -
Albert Payson Terhune
, American author (d.
1942
)
1873
-
Blagoje Bersa
, Croatian composer (d.
1934
)
1876
-
Jack Lang
(John Thomas Lang),
Premier of New South Wales
(d.
1975
)
1878
-
Jan Łukasiewicz
, Polish philosopher and mathematician (d.
1956
)
1879
-
Joseph Stalin
, U.S.S.R Leader (d.
1953
)
1885
-
Frank Patrick
, Canadian hockey player (d.
1960
)
1889
-
Sewall Wright
, American biologist (d.
1988
)
1890
-
Hermann Joseph Muller
, American geneticist and
Nobel laureate
(d.
1967
)
1891
-
John William McCormack
, American politician (d.
1980
)
1892
-
Amy Key Clarke
, English mystical poet (d.
1980
)
1892 -
Walter Hagen
, American golfer (d.
1969
)
1892 -
Rebecca West
, American writer (d.
1983
)
1896
-
Leroy Robertson
, American composer (d.
1971
)
1905
-
Anthony Powell
, British author (d.
2000
)
1909
-
Seicho Matsumoto
, Japanese mystery writer and journalist (d.
1992
)
1911
-
Josh Gibson
, American baseball player (d.
1947
)
1914
-
Ivan Generalić
, Austro-Hungarian-born Croatian painter (d.
1992
)
1915
-
Werner von Trapp
, member of the Trapp Family Singers (d.
2007
)
1917
-
Heinrich Böll
, German writer and
Nobel laureate
(d.
1985
)
1917 -
Sophie Masloff
, American politician
1918
-
Donald Regan
, American
White House Chief of Staff
(d.
2003
)
1918 -
Kurt Waldheim
, Austrian
United Nations Secretary-General
and
Federal President of Austria
(d.
2007
)
1920
-
Alicia Alonso
, Cuban ballerina
1920 -
Bob Bindig
, American cartoonist (d.
2006
)
1920 -
Jean Gascon
, Canadian actor (d.
1988
)
1921
-
Maila Nurmi
, aka Vampira, Finnish-born American actress (d.
2008
)
1921 -
John Severin
, American comics artist
1922
-
Paul Winchell
, American ventriloquist (d.
2005
)
1923
-
Intizar Hussain
,
Urdu
writer and columnist of
Pakistan
1926
-
Joe Paterno
, American football coach
1932
-
Edward Hoagland
, American essayist
1935
-
John G. Avildsen
, American film director
1935 -
Lorenzo Bandini
, Italian racecar driver (d.
1967
)
1935 -
Yusuf Bey
(Joseph Stephens), American activist (d.
2003
)
1935 -
Phil Donahue
, American talk show host
1935 -
Edward Schreyer
, Canadian politician,
Premier of Manitoba
1937
-
Jane Fonda
, American actress
1937 -
Donald F. Munson
, American politician
1938
-
Frank Moorhouse
, Australian author
1939
-
Lloyd Axworthy
, Canadian politician
1940
-
Frank Zappa
, American musician (d.
1993
)
1940 -
Ray Hildebrand
, American singer (
Paul & Paula
)
1942
-
Hu Jintao
,
Chinese president
1942 -
Reinhard Mey
, German singer
1942 -
Carla Thomas
, American singer
1943
-
André Arthur
. Quebec radio host
1944
-
Zheng Xiaoyu
, Chinese bureaucrat (d.
2007
)
1944
-
Bill Atkinson
, English footballer
1944 -
Michael Tilson Thomas
, American conductor
1946
-
Christopher Keene
, American conductor (d.
1995
)
1946 -
Carl Wilson
, American musician (
The Beach Boys
) (d.
1998
)
1947
-
Bryan Hamilton
, Northern Irish footballer
1947 -
Paco de Lucía
, Spanish musician
1948
-
Samuel L. Jackson
, American actor
1948 -
Dave Kingman
, American baseball player
1948 -
Willi Resetarits
, Austrian musician
1949
-
Nikolaos Sifounakis
, Greek politician
1950
-
Jeffrey Katzenberg
, American film producer
1950 -
Lillebjørn Nilsen
, Norwegian singer-songwriter
1951
-
Nick Gilder
, English musician (
Sweeney Todd
)
1952
-
Joaquín Andújar
, Dominican baseball player
1953
-
Betty Wright
, American singer
1954
-
Chris Evert
, American tennis player
1955
-
Jane Kaczmarek
, American actress
1955 -
Kazuyuki Sekiguchi
, Japanese musician
1957
-
Tom Henke
, American baseball player
1957 -
Ray Romano
, Italian-American comedian
1959
-
Florence Griffith Joyner
, American sprinter (d.
1998
)
1960
-
Louis Demetrius Alvanis
, London-based pianist
1960 -
Roger McDowell
, American Major League Baseball Pitcher
1960 -
Andy Van Slyke
, American baseball player
1961
-
Francis Ng
, Hong Kong actor
1961 -
Ryuji Sasai
, Japanese composer
1964
-
Rob Kelly
, English football manager
1964 -
Fabiana Udenio
, Argentine actress
1965
-
Andy Dick
, American actor and comedian
1965 -
Anke Engelke
, German comedian
1966
-
Kiefer Sutherland
, British-born Canadian actor
1966 -
Karri Turner
, American actress
1967
-
Ervin Johnson
, American basketball player
1967 -
Terry Mills
, American basketball player
1967 -
Mikhail Saakashvili
, Soviet-born
President of Georgia
1969
-
Julie Delpy
, French actress
1969 -
Mihails Zemļinskis
, Latvian footballer
1971
-
Mathieu Chedid
, French musician
1971 -
Fenton Keogh
, Australian celebrity chef
1971 -
Brett Scallions
, American singer (
Fuel
, The X's)
1972
-
Latroy Hawkins
, American baseball player
1972 -
Dustin Hermanson
, American baseball player
1972 -
Erwin Schrott
, Uruguayan opera singer
1973
-
Karmen Stavec
, German-born Slovenian singer
1973 -
Mike Alstott
, American football player
1973 -
Irakli Alasania
,Georgian politician and diplomat
1974
-
Karrie Webb
, Australian golfer
1975
-
Paloma Herrera
, Argentine ballet dancer
1976
-
Mirela Manjani
, Greek javelin thrower
1978
-
Mike Vitar
, American actor
1979
-
Tuva Novotny
, Swedish actress and singer
1980
-
Royce Ring
, American Major League Baseball Player
1981
-
Frankie Abernathy
, American actress,
The Real World: San Diego
(d.
2007
)
1981 -
Sajid Mahmood
, English cricketer
1981 -
Lynda Thomas
, Mexican singer
1981 -
Cristian Zaccardo
, Italian football player
1982
-
Mike Gansey
, American basketball player
1982 -
Erica Hayden
, American journalist and radio personality
1982 -
Philip Humber
, American baseball player
1982 -
Iljo Keisse
, Belgian cyclist
1984
-
Darren Potter
, Irish football player
1984 -
Jackson Rathbone
, American Actor
1985
-
James Stewart Jr.
, American motorcycle racer
1987
-
Valerie Concepcion
, Filipino Actress
Deaths
72
-
Thomas the Apostle
1295
-
Marguerite Berenger of Provence
, wife of
Louis IX of France
(bc.
1221
)
1308
-
Henry I of Hesse
(b.
1244
)
1375
-
Giovanni Boccaccio
, Italian writer (b.
1313
)
1504
-
Bertold von Henneberg-Römhild
, German archbishop and elector (b.
1442
)
1549
-
Marguerite of Navarre
, wife of
Henry II of Navarre
(b.
1492
)
1579
-
Vicente Masip
, Spanish painter
1597
-
Petrus Canisius
, Dutch Jesuit (b.
1521
)
1807
-
John Newton
, English cleric and hymnist (b.
1725
)
1824
-
James Parkinson
, English physician, geologist, paleontologist, and political activist (b.
1755
)
1873
-
Francis Garnier
, French explorer (b.
1839
)
1889
-
Friedrich August von Quenstedt
, German geologist (b.
1809
)
1900
-
Roger Wolcott
, American political figure, 39th
Governor of Massachusetts
(b.
1847
)
1933
-
Knud Johan Victor Rasmussen
, Greenlandic polar explorer and anthropologist (b.
1879
)
1935
-
Kurt Tucholsky
, German journalist and satirist (b.
1890
)
1937
-
Frank B. Kellogg
,
United States Secretary of State
, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize
(b.
1856
)
1940
-
F. Scott Fitzgerald
, American writer (b.
1896
)
1945
-
George S. Patton
, U.S. general (b.
1885
)
1957
-
Eric Coates
, English composer (b.
1886
)
1958
-
Lion Feuchtwanger
, German writer (b.
1884
)
1959
-
Rosanjin
, Japanese
calligrapher
, restaurateur and ceramicist (b.
1883
)
1964
-
Carl Van Vechten
, American writer and photographer (b.
1880
)
1965
-
Claude Champagne
, Quebec composer (b.
1891
)
1967
-
Stuart Erwin
, American actor (b.
1903
)
1974
-
James Henry Govier
, British artist (b.
1910
)
1974 -
Richard Long
, American actor (b.
1927
)
1981
-
Allan Dwan
, Canadian-born American director and screenwriter (b.
1885
)
1983
-
Paul de Man
, Belgian-born literary critic (b.
1919
)
1987
-
John Spence
, founding
No Doubt
member (b.
1969
)
1988
-
Nikolaas Tinbergen
, Dutch ornithologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
(b.
1907
)
1990
-
Clarence "Kelly" Johnson
, American aeronautical engineer (
Lockheed
Skunk Works
; b.
1910
)
1992
-
Albert King
, American
blues
musician (b.
1924
)
1992 -
Nathan Milstein
, Ukrainian violinist (b.
1903
)
1997
-
Amie Comeaux
, American country music singer (b.
1976
)
1998
-
Roger Avon
, Durham actor (b.
1914
)
1998
-
Karl Denver
, Scottish singer (b
1931
)
1998 -
Ernst Gunther Schenck
,
German
doctor
who joined the
Sturmabteilung
in
1933
{b.
1904
)
2001
-
Dick Schaap
, American sports journalist (b.
1934
)
2003
-
Prince Alfonso of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
, Spanish playboy and businessman (b.
1924
)
2004
-
Autar Singh Paintal
, Indian medical scientist (b.
1925
)
2005
-
Elrod Hendricks
, American baseball player and coach (b.
1940
)
2006
-
Scobie Breasley
, Australian jockey (b.
1914
)
2006 -
Saparmurat Niyazov
, President of Turkmenistan (b.
1940
)
2007
-
Ken Hendricks
, American businessman (b.
1941
)
Holidays and observances
Roman festivals
-
Divalia
in honour of
Angerona
R.C. Saints
-
O Oriens
, Saint
Petrus Canisius
; formerly feast day of
Thomas the apostle
In the
Northern Hemisphere
, the
winter solstice
, sometimes known as
Yule
, occurs on or very close to this date. In the
Southern Hemisphere
, the summer
solstice
occurs around this time.
External links
BBC: On This Day
On This Day in Canada
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia © 2001-2006
Wikipedia contributors
(
Disclaimer
)
This article is licensed under the
GNU Free Documentation License
.
Last updated on Saturday October 11, 2008 at 01:44:01 PDT (GMT -0700)
View this article at Wikipedia.org
-
Edit this article at Wikipedia.org
-
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