Field of medicine concerned with the prompt treatment of wounded military personnel. Developments in battlefield medicine have focused on treatment to quickly stop bleeding and on provision of immediate medical care. In the early 21st century these developments, combined with improvements in body armour and helmets, have resulted in the survival of many casualties of war who nonetheless have debilitating injuries such as the loss of a limb. Soldiers who have been wounded are taken from the scene of battle to their unit's closest treatment facility. There a team of surgeons and medical staff stabilize the wounded for transport to a larger facility with more specialized staff and equipment. Wounded military personnel may then be transferred for further treatment; those who cannot be returned to duty receive extended care and rehabilitation. Challenges facing military medicine today include the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and other psychological damage resulting from service in a war zone, as well as the development of better prosthetics for soldiers surviving the loss of a limb.

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Battlefield is a city in Greene County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,385 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town has no post office of its own, and hence no ZIP code. The name "Battlefield" is considered acceptable by the U.S. Postal Service, but its ZIP code (65619) is Brookline's.

Geography

Battlefield is located at (37.120151, -93.367963).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.0 square miles (5.1 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,385 people, 857 households, and 719 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,202.4 people per square mile (465.1/km²). There were 885 housing units at an average density of 446.2/sq mi (172.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.11% White, 0.17% African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.75% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 1.13% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.22% of the population.

There were 857 households out of which 44.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.0% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.1% were non-families. 12.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city the population was spread out with 29.6% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 35.7% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 5.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,788, and the median income for a family was $51,204. Males had a median income of $32,297 versus $26,028 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,656. About 1.5% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

History

Battlefield is named for its proximity to the 1861 Battle of Wilson's Creek, one of the first large battles of the American Civil War. Several Battlefield streets, parks, and other landmarks are named for events and people related to the battle - such as Nathaniel Lyon Street, one of the town's main thoroughfares, named for Union General Nathaniel Lyon, the first Union general to die in the civil war.

On May 4, 2003, portions of the city were destroyed by a severe tornado. It was part of the May 2003 tornado outbreak sequence, which killed one and left dozens homeless.

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