Definitions

allegro con spirito

Malcolm Williamson

Malcolm Benjamin Graham Christopher Williamson AO (honorary), CBE (21 November 1931 – 2 March 2003) was an Australian composer and Master of the Queen's Music from 1975 to 2003.

Biography

Williamson was born in Sydney and studied composition and horn at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music. His teachers included Eugene Goossens. In 1950 he moved to London where he worked as an organist, a proofreader, and a nightclub pianist. From 1953 he studied with Elisabeth Lutyens. Williamson was a prolific composer at this time, receiving many commissions and often performed his own works, both on organ and piano.

In 1975, the death of Sir Arthur Bliss left the title of Master of the Queen's Music vacant. The selection of Williamson to fill this post was a surprise, over other composers such as Benjamin Britten, Michael Tippett and Malcolm Arnold, such that William Walton had remarked that "the wrong Malcolm" had been chosen. In addition, Williamson was the first non-Briton to hold the post. He wrote a number of pieces connected to his royal post, including Mass of Christ the King (1978) (see below) and Lament in Memory of Lord Mountbatten of Burma (1980). However, controversy attended his tenure, notably his failure to complete the intended "Jubilee Symphony" for the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II in 1977. He became less prolific in "Royal" works during the last twenty years or so of his life, although he never completely ceased to take interest in writing music for the Royal Family (see list of "Royal Works" below). His overall compositional output slowed considerably due to a series of illnesses. He died in 2003 in a hospital in Cambridge.

Williamson married Dolores Daniel in 1960 and had one son and two daughters. They were divorced in 1978. He later had a long-term partnership with his publisher Simon Campion.

Williamson's music

Some of Williamson's early works use the twelve tone technique of Arnold Schoenberg, but his greatest influence is often said to be Olivier Messiaen. He discovered Messiaen's music shortly before converting to Roman Catholicism in 1952. He was also influenced by Britten, as well as by jazz and popular music (this latter influence may have come in part from him working as a night club pianist in the 1950s).

Williamson wrote seven symphonies, four piano concertos, operas including Our Man in Havana and The Violins of Saint Jacques, the ballets Sun Into Darkness and The Display, choral works, chamber music, music for solo piano, music for film and television including "Prologue" and "Main Title" of Watership Down, and others.

Williamson also wrote music for children, including the opera The Happy Prince (based on the story by Oscar Wilde) and cassations, short operas incorporating audience participation. One of these, The Valley and the Hill, written for the silver jubilee of Elizabeth II, was performed by 18,000 children.

His largest choral work, the Mass of Christ the King, was commissioned by the Three Choirs Festival for the Queen's Silver Jubilee in 1977, and attracted popular attention largely because Williamson delivered it late. It is written for two sopranos, tenor and baritone soli, SATB chorus, SATB echo choir and a large orchestra. There were a number of performances over the next few years, including a live BBC broadcast in 1981, but the work is now largely forgotten.

Williamson became generally much less prolific in later life, although he had some very busy years. For example, in 1988 Williamson wrote a large-scale choral-orchestral work The True Endeavour, the orchestral Bicentennial Anthem, the Fanfare of Homage for military band, a ballet Have Steps Will Travel for John Alleyne and the National Ballet of Canada, Ceremony for Oodgeroo (Oodgeroo Noonuccal, formerly known as Kath Walker) for brass quintet, and also commenced work on a substantial new choral-symphony The Dawn is at Hand (to texts by Kath Walker), completed and performed in Australia the following year. Other works include the Requiem for a Tribe Brother (another Australian work, completed in 1992), a third string quartet (1993), a fourth piano concerto (1994) and a symphony for solo harp, Day that I have Loved (1994). The orchestral song cycle on texts by Iris Murdoch A Year of Birds premiered at The Proms in 1995. The same year also saw the premiere of an orchestral work With Proud Thanksgiving, commissioned for the fiftieth anniversary of the United Nations, and dedicated to the memory of Williamson's long-time friend, the UK Prime Minister Harold Wilson.

Honours

Williamson was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1976, and an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in 1987. The latter award was honorary, but it is not clear why he no longer qualified for a substantive award. The citation for the award read "For service to music and the mentally handicapped". Unusually for Masters of the Queen's Music, he was never knighted.

Royal Works

  • The Valley and the Hill (1977), children's pageant
  • Symphony No. 4 - Jubilee (1977), for orchestra. The work (which has never been performed) has three movements:
    • 1. The Birth of the World (Largo)
    • 2. Eagle (Allegro vivo)
    • 3. The Prayer of the Waters (Lento)
  • Jubilee Hymn (1977), for unison choir, SATB choir & orchestra
  • The House of Windsor (1977), score for the TV series (an orchestral suite was extracted in the same year)
  • Mass of Christ the King (1977-1978), for lyric soprano, dramatic soprano, tenor & baritone soli, SATB choir, SATB echo choir & orchestra
  • Lament in Memory of Lord Mountbatten of Burma (1980), for violin solo & string orchestra.
  • Ode for Queen Elizabeth (1980), for string orchestra.
  • Richmond Fanfare (1980), for five trumpets, two tenor trombones, two bass trombones, tuba, percussion & organ
  • Now Is the Singing Day (1981), for soloists, SATB choir, two pianos, percussion & string orchestra
  • Mass of St. Margaret of Scotland (1982), for unison choir & piano or SATB choir & organ
  • Songs for a Royal Baby (1985), for SATB soli/choir & string orchestra

Australian Works

Although Williamson lived in Britain for most of his life, he travelled widely and maintained a deep affection for his native country. He wrote many works specifically for or about Australia, and frequently set texts by Australian poets, such as James McAuley and Kath Walker. Williamson was also inspired to respond through music to political issues, such as Aboriginal rights (a matter close to his heart). Below is a select list of works with a specifically Australian connection.

  • Symphony No. 1 - Elevamini (1957), for orchestra
  • Piano Concerto No. 2 (1960), for piano & string orchestra
  • Travel Diaries - Sydney (1961), for piano solo
    • A book of relatively easy piano pieces intended for teaching purposes. Sydney Diaries is one of five such books, with the others concerning London, Naples, Paris and New York. Sydney Diaries has thirteen movements:
  • Symphony for Voices (1962), for a cappella SATB choir
    • An elaborate five-movement work, setting texts by the Australian poet James McAuley:
      • 1. Invocation (for unnaccompanied contralto)
      • 2. Terra Australis
      • 3. Jesus
      • 4. Envoi
      • 5. New Guinea
  • Piano Concerto No. 3 (1962), for piano & orchestra
  • I Will Lift Mine Eyes (1970), for unison choir, echo choir & organ
    • Premiered on 3 May 1970 in Sydney
  • Concerto for Two Pianos and String Orchestra (1972), subtitled Double Concerto
    • Premiered by C. Webb & W. Hornibrook (pianos), with the Astra Chamber Orchestra, conducted G. L. Smith in Melbourne in 1972:
      • 1. Allegro ma non troppo
      • 2. Lento
      • 3. Allegro vivo
  • The Musicians of Bremen (1972), for two countertenors, tenor, two baritones & bass voices
  • Adelaide Fanfare (1973), for two trumpets, two horns, 2 trombones, tuba & organ
  • Canberra Fanfare (1973), for two trumpets, two trombones & percussion
  • The Glitter Gang (1974), cassation for audience, choir & orchestra
  • In Thanksgiving - Sir Bernard Heinze (1982), for orchestra
  • Symphony No. 6 - A Liturgy of Homage to the Australian Broadcasting Commission in its Fiftieth Year as University to the Australian Nation (1982), for orchestra
  • Symphony No. 7 - Symphony for Strings (1984), for string orchestra
    • Commissioned to mark the 150th Anniversary of the State of Victoria. Premiered by the Chamber Strings of Melbourne, conducted by Christopher Martin, on 12 August 1985.
  • Lento for Strings (1985), for string orchestra
  • The Dawn Is At Hand (1988), for SATB choir & orchestra
    • A five-movement choral symphony to poems by Aboriginal poet Kath Walker. Commissioned by the Australian Bicentennial Authority, and premiered by the Queensland Symphony Chorus & Orchestra in Brisbane, 1989. The movements are as follows:
      • 1. The Dawn Is At Hand -- Aboriginal Charter of Rights
      • 2. The Curlew Cried -- Dawn Wail for the Dead
      • 3. Assimilation - No!
      • 4. We Are Going
      • 5. United We Win -- A Song of Hope
  • Bicentennial Anthem (1988), for orchestra
    • Commissioned to mark the 200th Anniversary of European settlement of Australia
  • The True Endeavour (1988), for speaker, SATB choir & orchestra
    • Symphonic statement with a text by Australian historian Manning Clark. Commissioned by the Australian Bicentennial Authority, premièred in 1989. The work is divided in seven movements:
      • 1. The Southern Cross above Gondwana
      • 2. Aboriginal Australia
      • 3. Barcarolle of the Disinherited Country
      • 4. The Rainforest: Urban Despoliation
      • 5. Threnody for Murdered Aborigines
      • 6. The Past and the Challenge
      • 7. Mateship: Whitlam's Vision: Makarrata
  • Requiem for a Tribe Brother (1992), for a cappella SATB choir
    • Commissioned by Peter Broadbent and the Joyful Company of Singers, this work was written in memory of one of Williamson's Aboriginal friends who died tragically young from AIDS.
  • String Quartet No. 3 (1993)
    • A one-movement string quartet, lasting approximately 10 minutes. Written for the Australian String Quartet, and premiered by them in Birmingham on 19 February 1994.

Complete Works

Opera

  • Our Man in Havana (1963), opera in three acts
  • English Eccentrics (1964), chamber opera in two acts
  • The Happy Prince (1965), opera in one act
    • libretto by the composer
  • Julius Caesar Jones (1965-66), children's opera in two acts
    • libretto by the composer
  • The Violins of Saint Jacques (1966), opera in three acts
  • The Brilliant and the Dark (1966), choral operetta
  • Dunstan and the Devil (1967), children's opera in one act
  • The Growing Castle (1968), opera in two acts
  • Lucky-Peter's Journey (1969), comedy in three acts
  • The Red Sea (1972), opera in one act
    • libretto by the composer

Ballet

Cassations

A "cassation" is a miniature opera including audience participation. Williamson wrote ten cassations, of varying complexity and duration. His primary intention was to teach children the mechanics of putting on an opera, and the idea for the pieces first came to Williamson while teaching his own children about music. Williamson had a great deal of success with these cassations, which have had performances in Britain, Australia, France, the USA, and in hospitals in Tanzania and Zambia.

Orchestral

  • Santiago de Espada (1956), overture for orchestra
  • Symphony No. 1 - Elevamini (1957), for orchestra
  • Piano Concerto No. 1 (1958), for piano & orchestra
  • Piano Concerto No. 2 (1960), for piano & string orchestra
  • Organ Concerto (1961), for organ & orchestra
  • Piano Concerto No. 3 (1962), for piano & orchestra
  • Sinfonia Concertante (1962), for three trumpets & piano soli, & string orchestra
  • Our Man in Havana, Concert Suite (1963), for voices & orchestra
  • Our Man in Havana, Orchestral Suite (1963/66), for orchestra
  • The Display, Concert Suite (1964), for orchestra
  • The Merry Wives of Windsor (1964), for orchestra
  • Sinfonietta (1965), for orchestra
  • Violin Concerto (1965), for violin & orchestra
  • Concerto Grosso (1965), for orchestra
  • Symphonic Variations (1965), for orchestra
  • Serenade and Aubade (1965), for chamber orchestra
  • Sun into Darkness (1966), for orchestra
  • Six English Lyrics (1966-67), for low voice & strings
  • Epitaphs for Edith Sitwell (1966/72), for string orchestra
  • Symphony No. 2 - Pilgrim på havet (1968), for orchestra
  • A Word from Our Founder (1969), for orchestra
  • Symphony No. 3 - The Icy Mirror (1972), for soprano, mezzo-soprano & two baritone soli, SATB choir & orchestra
  • Concerto for Two Pianos & String Orchestra (1972)
  • Hammarskjöld Portrait (1974), song-cycle for soprano & string orchestra
  • Perisynthion (1974), for orchestra
  • Les Olympiques (1976), song-cycle for mezzo-soprano & string orchestra
  • Harp Concerto - Au tombeau du martyr juif inconnu (1976) for harp & string orchestra
  • The House of Windsor, Suite (1977), for orchestra (extracted from the music for the TV series)
  • Ochre (1977), for orchestra or organ & string orchestra
  • Symphony No. 4 - Jubilee (1977), for orchestra
  • Fiesta (1978), for orchestra
  • Azure (1978), for orchestra
  • Fanfarade (1979), for orchestra
  • Symphony No. 5 - Aquerò (1979-1980), for orchestra
  • Lament in Memory of Lord Mountbatten of Burma (1980), for violin & string orchestra
  • Ode for Queen Elizabeth (1980), for string trio & string orchestra
  • Tribute to a Hero (1981), for baritone & orchestra
  • In Thanksgiving - Sir Bernard Heinze (1982), for orchestra
  • Symphony No. 6 - Liturgy of Homage to the Australian Broadcasting Commission in its Fiftieth Year as University to the Australian Nation (1982), for orchestra
  • Two Pieces (circa 1983), for string orchestra
  • Camargue Scenes (198?), for string orchestra
  • Symphony No. 7 - Symphony for Strings (1984), for string orchestra
  • Cortège for a Warrior (1984), for orchestra
  • Lento for Strings (1985), for string orchestra
  • Heritage (1985), for orchestra
  • Next Year in Jerusalem (1985), song-cycle for soprano & orchestra
  • Saxophone Concerto Concertino for Charles (1987), for saxophone & orchestral winds
  • Bicentennial Anthem (1988), for orchestra
  • Bratsvo - Brotherhood (1988), for orchestral winds
  • Piano Concerto No. 4 (1994), for piano & orchestra
  • A Year of Birds (1995), song-cycle for soprano & orchestra
  • With Proud Thanksgiving (1995), for orchestra

Choral

  • Two Motets (1954), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Mass (1956), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Adoremus (1959), Christmas cantata for alto & tenor soli, SATB choir & organ
  • Dawn Carol (1960), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Agnus Dei (1961), for SATB choir & organ
  • Dignus est Agnus (1961), for soprano solo, SATB choir & organ
  • Ascendit Deus (1961), for SATB choir & organ
  • Procession of Psalms (1961), for SATB choir & organ
  • Tu es Petrus (1961), cantata for speaker, SATB choir & organ
  • Easter Carol (1962), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Harvest Thanksgiving (1962), for SATB & organ
  • Jesu, Lover of my Soul (1962), for soprano, alto, tenor, bass soli, SATB choir & organ
  • Let Them Give Thanks (1962), for congregation, SATB choir & organ
  • O Planctus (1962), for a cappella TB choir
  • Symphony for Voices (1962), for a cappella SATB choir
  • The Morning of the Day of Days (1962), for soprano & tenor soli, SATB choir & organ
  • Twelve New Hymn Tunes (1962), for unison/two-part choir & organ
  • Wrestling Jacob (1962), for soprano solo, SATB choir & organ
  • An Australian Carol (1963), for SATB choir & organ
  • Six Christmas Songs for the Young (1963), unison choir & piano, with optional percussion
  • Six Wesley Songs for the Young (1963), unison choir & piano
  • Good King Wenceslas (1963), for SATB choir & organ
  • Ding Dong Merrily on High (1963), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Te Deum (1963), for congregation, unison choir & organ
  • The Boar's Head Carol (1964), a cappella SATB choir
  • English Eccentrics Choral Suite (1964), for a cappella SATB double choir
  • Epiphany Carol (1964), for soprano solo, SATB choir & organ
  • Mass of Saint Andrew (1964), unison choir & organ/piano
  • Six Evening Hymns (1964), for a cappella unison choir
  • North Country Songs (1965), low voice solo, SATB choir & piano
  • Psalm of Praise (1965), for unison choir & organ
  • A Birthday (1966), for SATB choir & piano
  • Jenny Kiss'd Me (1966), for a cappella TB choir
  • Sweet and Low (1966), for SA choir & piano
  • Canon for Stravinsky (1967), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Mowing the Barley (1967), for SATB choir & orchestra
  • Six English Lyrics (1967), for SATB choir & string orchestra
  • Carol Arrangements (1969), for a cappella SATB double choir
  • O Sanctissima (1969), for SATB choir & piano
  • Sonnet "On Hearing the Dies Irae Sung in the Sistine Chapel" (1969), for a cappella SATB choir
  • The Brilliant and the Dark (1969), pageant for two soprano & two alto soli, SSAA choir & orchestra
  • Cantate Domino (1970), SATB choir & organ
  • I Will Lift Up Mine Eyes (1970), for unison choir, echo choir & organ
  • In Place of Belief (1970), for SATB choir & two pianos
  • Te Deum Laudamus (1971), for SATB choir, brass ensemble & organ
  • Love, the Sentinel (1972), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Carols of King David (1972), for congregation, unison choir & organ
  • O Jerusalem (1972), for congregation, unison choir & organ
  • The King of Love (1972), for congregation, unison choir & organ
  • The Musicians of Bremen (1972), for a cappella AATBarBB choir
  • Together in Unity (1972), for congregation, unison choir & organ
  • Canticle of Fire (1973), SATB choir & organ (with extensive solo passages)
  • Ode to Music (1973), for SATB choir, SATB echo choir & orchestra
  • Symphony No. 3 - The Icy Mirror (1973), for soprano, mezzo-soprano & two baritone soli, SATB choir & orchestra
  • The World at the Manger (1973), Christmas cantata for soprano & baritone soli, SATB choir & organ/piano duet
  • Communion Hallelujas (1974-75), for SATB choir & organ
  • Sixteen Hymns and Processionals (1975), for unison voices & piano/organ
  • This is my Father's World (1975), for SATB choir & organ
  • Love, Dove and Above Chorales (1975), for voices and piano/organ/guitar.
  • Mass of St. James (1975), for unison voices & organ/piano
  • Psalms of the Elements (1975), for unison voices/SATB choir & organ
  • Jubilee Hymn (1977), for unison choir, SATB choir & orchestra
  • This Christmas Night (1977), carol for SATB choir & piano/organ
  • Mass of Christ the King (1977-1978), for lyric soprano, dramatic soprano, tenor & baritone soli, SATB choir, SATB echo choir & orchestra
  • Kerygma (1979), for SATB choir & organ
  • Little Mass of Saint Bernadette (1980), unison choir, instrumental ensemble & organ
  • Mass of the People of God (1980), for SATB choir & organ
  • Three Choric Hymns (1980), for a cappella SATB choir
  • Now Is The Singing Day (1981), for mezzo-soprano & baritone soli, SATB choir, two pianos, percussion & string orchestra
  • Mass of Saint Margaret of Scotland (1982), unison choir/SATB choir & organ/piano
  • A Pilgrim Liturgy (1984), mezzo-soprano & baritone soli, SATB choir & orchestra
  • Songs for a Royal Baby (1985), for SATB soli/choir & string orchestra
  • Easter in St. Mary's Church (1987), for SATB choir & organ/piano
  • Galilee (1987), for a cappella SATB choir
  • A Book of Christmas Carols (1988), for unison voices & piano/organ
  • The True Endeavour (1988), for speaker, SATB choir & orchestra
  • The Dawn Is At Hand (1988-1989), for SATB choir & orchestra
  • Our Church Lives (1989), for SATB choir & organ
  • Beyond the Sun and the Moon (1990), for speaker, children's choir & orchestra
  • Mass of Saint Etheldreda (1990), for SATB choir & organ
  • Requiem for a Tribe Brother (1992), for a cappella SATB choir

Vocal

  • A Vision of Beasts and Gods (1958), song-cycle for high voice & piano
  • Celebration of Divine Love (1963), song-cycle for high voice & piano
  • Hasselbacher's Scena (1963), for bass & piano
  • Three Shakespeare Songs (1963), for high voice & guitar/piano
  • A Christmas Carol (1964), for low voice & piano
  • North Country Songs (1965), for low voice & piano
  • Six English Lyrics (1966-67), for low voice & piano/strings
  • ''From a Child's Garden (1968), song-cycle for high voice & piano
  • In Place of Belief (1970), for four solo voices & piano duet
  • Death of Cuchulain (1971), for five male voices & percussion
  • The Musicians of Bremen (1972), for six male voices
  • Pietà (1973), for soprano, oboe, bassoon & piano
  • Tribute to a Hero (1981), for voice & piano
  • Songs for a Royal Baby (1985), for soprano, alto, tenor, bass soli & piano/strings
  • Vocalise (1985), soprano & piano
  • Day that I have Loved (1986), for low voice & piano
  • Feast of Euridice (1986), for voice, flute, percussion & piano
  • The Mower to the Glow-worms (1986), for low voice & piano
  • The White Island (1986), for low voice & piano
  • White Dawns (1986), song-cycle for baritone & piano
  • New work (1993), for voice & harp

Chamber

  • String Quartet No. 2 (1954)
  • Variations (1964), for cello & piano
  • Concerto for Two Pianos and Wind Quintet (1965)
  • Pas de Quatre (1967), for flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon & piano
  • Serenade (1967), for flute, piano, violin, viola & cello
  • Sonata for Two Pianos (1967)
  • Piano Quintet (1968), for two violins, viola, cello & piano
  • Pas de Deux (1972), for clarinet and piano
  • Adelaide Fanfare (1973), for two trumpets, two horns, two trombones, tuba & organ
  • Canberra Fanfare (1973), for two trumpets, two trombones & percussion
  • Music for a Quiet Day (1976), for concert band
  • Piano Trio (1976), for violin, cello & piano
  • Konstanz Fanfare (1980), for five trumpets, four horns, two tenor trombones, two bass trombones, tuba, two percussion & organ
  • Richmond Fanfare (1980), five trumpets, four horns, two tenor trombones, two bass trombones, tuba, percussion & organ
  • Fontainebleau Fanfare (1981), for five trumpets, four horns, two tenor trombones, two bass trombones, tuba, two percussion & organ
  • Champion Family Album (1984-85), for flute & clarinet, with optional guitar & percussion parts
  • Springtime on the River Moskva (1986), for two pianos
  • Pas de Trois (1987), for two pianos
  • Ceremony for Oodgeroo (1988), for brass quintet
  • Fanfare of Homage (1988), for military band
  • Channukkah Sketches (1990), for flute & guitar
  • Tableau No. 1 (1990), for two pianos
  • Fanfares and Chorales (1991), for brass quintet
  • String Quartet No. 3 (1993)

[the String Quartet No. 1, subtitled Winterset, which dates from 1947 & '48, remains unpublished.]

Instrumental

  • Partita (1950), for piano
  • Variations (1954), for piano
  • Piano Sonata No. 1 (1956)
  • Fons Amoris (1956), for organ
  • Piano Sonata No. 2 (1957)
  • Piano Sonata No. 3 (1958)
  • Resurgence de Feu (1959), for organ
  • Piano Sonata No. 4 (1959)
  • Symphony (1960), for organ
  • Travel Diaries (1961), for piano
  • Vision of Christ-Phoenix (1962), for organ
  • Elegy for J.F.K. (1964), for organ
  • Epitaphs for Edith Sitwell (1966), for organ
  • Peace Pieces (1971), for organ
  • Little Carols of the Saints (1972), for organ
  • Partita on Themes of Walton (1972), for viola
  • Mass of a Medieval Saint (1973), for organ
  • Haifa Watercolours (1974), for piano
  • The Bridge Van Gogh Painted and the French Camargue (1974), for piano
  • Fantasy on This is my Father's World (1975), for organ
  • Fantasy on O Paradise (1976), for organ
  • The Lion of Suffolk (1977), for organ
  • Mass of the People of God - Offertoire - Dialogue des Choeurs (1980), for organ
  • Hymna Titu (1984), for piano
  • Symphony Day that I have Loved (1994), for harp

Film and TV

Musical Theatre

Unfinished Works

Williamson left a number of works unfinished at his death. These include an Strindberg-based opera Easter (with a libretto by Myfanwy Piper), a Symphony No. 8 - "Agamemnon" (based on the poem by Dame Iris Murdoch), and sketches for a Piano Concerto No. 5, which he had hoped to write for his good Australian pianist-friend Anthony Gray.

References

External links

Search another word or see allegro con spiritoon Dictionary | Thesaurus |Spanish
  • Please Login or Sign Up to use the Recent Searches feature
FAVORITES
RECENT