UPPER encyclopedia topics

Upper Hutt, city (1996 pop. 36,717), S North Island, New Zealand, in the Hutt River Valley. It is primarily residential but has some light industries.

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Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River

Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River: see National Parks and Monuments (table).

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Upper Canada

Upper Canada: see Ontario.

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Upper Avon

Upper Avon, river: see Avon 3, river, England.

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Upper Austria

Upper Austria, Ger. Oberösterreich, province (1991 pop. 1,333,480), 4,625 sq mi (11,979 sq km), NW Austria. Linz is the capital. Bordering on Germany in the west and the Czech Republic in the north, the province is predominantly hilly. It is drained by the Danube River and three of its tributaries, the Inn, the Enns, and the Traun, and includes a large part of the Salzkammergut resort area. Agriculture is still an important branch of the economy, with dairy farming and cattle breeding being the most important. There are salt mines, oil wells, and gas fields in the region and a large number of electric power stations. Industry is centered at Linz, Steyr, the Traun and Ager valleys, and Ranshofen. Manufactures include chemicals, iron and steel, aluminum, processed foods, motors, trucks, ships, beer, agricultural machinery, sports equipment, shoes, optical utensils, and textiles. The area of Upper Austria was included in the Roman province of Noricum. In 1156 it was made a duchy by Frederick I and given to the Babenberg dukes of Austria. The province was invaded by the Turks in the 16th cent. It was a site of battles during the Thirty Years War (1618-48) and during the campaigns of Napoleon I.

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Upper Arlington

Upper Arlington, city (1990 pop. 34,128), Franklin co., central Ohio; inc. 1918. It is a residential suburb of Columbus.

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Lorraine, Lower and Upper

Lorraine, Lower and Upper: see Lotharingia.

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arm

Upper limb of a biped, particularly a primate. Primate arms have one long bone, the humerus, in the upper arm above the elbow, and two thinner bones, the radius and ulna, in the forearm. The triceps muscle straightens the forearm at the elbow joint; the brachialis and biceps muscles bend it. Forearm and small muscles in the hand move the hand and fingers. The term may also denote the limb or the locomotive or prehensile organ of an invertebrate (e.g., the ray of a starfish or the tentacle of an octopus).

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Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.

Canada West

or Upper Canada

Region of Canada now known as Ontario. In 1791–1841 it was known as Upper Canada and in 1841–67 as Canada West. Settled primarily by English-speaking immigrants, it sought confederation with Canada East in order to secure the unified government needed for effective administration and the construction of intercolonial railways. The unified Dominion of Canada was made official by the British North America Act of 1867.

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Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.

Avon, River

or Lower Avon

River, southwestern England. Rising in Gloucestershire, it flows 75 mi (121 km) southwest through Bristol and into the Bristol Channel at Avonmouth, Bristol's port. Below Bristol it has cut through a limestone ridge to form Clifton Gorge, noted for its suspension bridge.

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Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.