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Hegira

Hegira or Hejira [Ar.,=Hijra=breaking off of relations], the departure of the prophet Muhammad from Mecca in Sept., 622. Muhammad was a monotheist and preached against the polytheism of the Meccan religion. This aroused the hostility of the merchant leaders of his native city, who derived much of their wealth from pilgrimages to Mecca and its surrounding cities. Forced to flee from his enemies, Muhammad went to Yathrib (later renamed Medina), where he became ruler. The Muslim era is dated from the first day (July 16, 622, in the Western calendar) of the lunar year in which the Hegira took place, and the abbreviation A.H. is used with that year (A.H. 1) and subsequent years.

The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia Copyright © 2004.
Licensed from Columbia University Press

Hijrah

English Hegira(Arabic; “Migration”)

Journey of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 to escape persecution and found a community of believers. The date represents the beginning of Islam. The second caliph, aynUmar ibn al-Khatsubdottsubdotāb, began the practice of using the event as the starting point for the Muslim calendar; years are now denoted by the initials AH (Latin Anno Hegirae, “in the year of the Hegira”). The disciples who traveled with Muhammad to Medina were called the Companions of the Prophet.

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Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.