COLE - 13 reference results
École des Beaux-Arts[Fr.,=school of fine arts], French national school of fine arts, on the Quai Malaquais, Paris, founded in 1648 by Charles Le Brun with the consent of Cardinal Mazarin as the Académie de peinture et de sculpture; the title was changed in 1793, when it merged with the Académie d'architecture, founded in 1671 by Jean Baptiste Colbert. It includes departments of painting, graphic arts, and sculpture and is free to artists whose previous training enables them to pass the entrance examinations. Architecture was taught at the school until 1968. Students are prepared in the various courses to compete for the Prix de Rome, which provides admission to the Académie de France à Rome. Besides its extensive collection of plaster casts of antiquities, the École is known for its superb collection of old-master drawings and for its exhibitions.
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Younger, Cole (Thomas Coleman Younger), 1844-1916, American outlaw, b. Jackson co., Mo. After the Civil War he joined the outlaw band of Jesse James, with whom he had served as a Confederate guerrilla under William C. Quantrill. He became a trusted and influential member of the gang. With two of his brothers, James and Robert, Cole was captured after an unsuccessful attempt to rob the bank at Northfield, Minn. (1876), and all three were sentenced to life imprisonment. Largely through the efforts of Capt. Warren C. Bronaugh, a Confederate veteran, who alleged that the brothers had been driven into crime by persecution of their family during the Civil War, Cole and James were paroled in 1901. Robert had died in prison in 1889. James committed suicide in 1902, but Cole Younger, completely pardoned in 1903, returned to Missouri, where he lectured, traveled with a wild West show, and worked peacefully at various jobs.
See his autobiography (1903, repr. 1955); W. C. Bronaugh, The Youngers' Fight for Freedom (1906); H. Croy, Last of the Great Outlaws (1956); C. W. Breihan, The Younger Brothers (1961).
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Saint-Cyr-l'École, town (1990 pop. 14,832), Yvelines dept., N central France. A school for the daughters of impoverished noblemen was founded there in 1685 by Louis XIV and Mme de Maintenon. The building later housed the famous military academy (the West Point of France) founded by Napoleon in 1808. It was destroyed in World War II, and the school was moved to Coëtquidan in Brittany. A new military school was opened in 1966.
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Porter, Cole, 1891-1964, American composer and lyricist, b. Peru, Ind., grad. Yale, 1913. Porter's witty, sophisticated lyrics and his affecting melodies place him high in the ranks of American composers of popular music. He was an elegant and debonair man, in spite of a riding accident (1937) that left him crippled. He studied music at Harvard and with D'Indy at the Schola Cantorum in Paris. After one early failure, most of his musicals were vastly successful. They include Greenwich Village Follies (1924); Gay Divorce (1932); Anything Goes (1934); Jubilee (1935); Red, Hot and Blue (1936); Du Barry Was a Lady (1939); Panama Hattie (1940); Something for the Boys (1943); Kiss Me, Kate (1948); Can-Can (1953); and Silk Stockings (1955). Among Porter's film scores are Born to Dance (1936) and High Society (1956). His most popular songs include "Night and Day," "Begin the Beguine," "Let's Do It," and "In the Still of the Night."
See The Cole Porter Song Book (1959); R. Kimball, ed., The Complete Lyrics of Cole Porter (1983) and Cole Porter: Selected Lyrics (2006); biography by W. McBrien (1998); R. Kimball, ed., Cole (1971, repr. 2000).
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Cole, Timothy, 1852-1931, American wood engraver, b. London. He came to the United States as a child. Cole learned his trade in Chicago and later moved to New York, where in 1873 he began his 40-year association with the Century Magazine (then Scribner's). He was a pioneer and consummate craftsman in the white line technique of wood engraving, which allowed a more faithful reproduction of the works of European masters and popular contemporary painters. Dutch and Flemish Masters (1901) is one of the books that he engraved.
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Cole, Thomas, 1801-48, American landscape painter, b. England. He arrived in the United States in 1818 and moved to Ohio, where he was impressed by the beauty of the countryside. In 1825 he went to New York, where his landscape paintings began to be appreciated. Largely self-taught, he depicted the scenery of the Hudson River valley and the Catskills, which he discovered on long walking trips, becoming a leader of the Hudson River school. In 1829 he went to Europe, where he spent some time sketching in England and Italy. In Paris he greatly admired the landscapes of Claude Lorrain. After he returned to New York, he was commissioned (1832) to paint his five famous allegorical scenes, farfetched and neoclassical in style, known as the Course of Empire (N.-Y. Historical Soc., New York City). This series and the Expulsion from the Garden of Eden (Mus. of Fine Arts, Boston) reflect his strong moralizing tendencies, combined with elements of fantasy; they are far less successful than his landscapes. Other works, such as Oxbow (Metropolitan Mus.) and Catskill Mountains (Mus. of Art, Cleveland), reveal his joy in the grandeur of nature.
See biography by L. L. Noble (1964).
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Cole, Nat "King," 1919-65, American musician and composer, b. Montgomery, Ala., as Nathaniel Adams Coles. A jazz pianist, he played Los Angeles nightclubs and in 1938 formed the original King Cole Trio. Later he turned to singing and became internationally popular for his smooth, velvety voice and broodingly romantic hits, such as "Unforgettable" and "Mona Lisa." He was one of the first African-American artists to star in a radio show (1948-49), and in 1956 he became the first African American to host a network television show. His daughter Natalie (Maria) Cole, 1950-, b. Los Angeles, is also a popular singer.
See biography by D. M. Epstein (1999).
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Cole, Margaret Isabel (Postgate): see Cole, George Douglas Howard.
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Cole, George Douglas Howard, 1889-1959, English economist, labor historian, and socialist. Educated at Oxford, he was long associated with the university and held a professorship from 1944 to 1957. For many years a leading exponent of guild socialism, he later returned to his original Fabianism, acting as chairman of the Fabian Society from 1939 to 1946 and becoming its president in 1952. His many books, mainly on labor and socialism, range from popular works to scholarly studies. Among his original works are A Short History of the British Working Class Movement (3 vol., 1927; rev. ed. 1948), The British Common People (with Raymond W. Postgate, 1939; rev. ed. The British People, 1947), and A History of Socialist Thought (5 vol. in 7, 1953-60). With his wife, Margaret Isabel (Postgate) Cole, 1893-1980, he wrote over 30 detective stories as well as works on economics and politics. Her works include Beatrice Webb (1945), The Story of Fabian Socialism (1961), and a biography of her husband (1971). She also edited Beatrice Webb's diaries.
See biography of George Cole by L. P. Carpenter (1973).
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Beaux-Arts, École des: see École des Beaux-Arts.
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(born Feb. 1, 1801, Bolton-le-Moors, Lancashire, Eng.—died Feb. 11, 1848, Catskill, N.Y., U.S.) British-born U.S. landscape painter, founder of the Hudson River school. After immigrating to the U.S. with his family in 1819, he studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. In 1825 Asher B. Durand began purchasing his work and finding him patrons. After settling in Catskill, N.Y., Cole traveled throughout the northeast making pencil sketches of the scenery, from which he later produced finished paintings in his studio. He is famous for his views of the Hudson Valley, as well as for grandiose imaginary vistas.
Learn more about Cole, Thomas with a free trial on Britannica.com.
Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.
(born June 7, 1899, Dublin, Ire.—died Feb. 22, 1973, London, Eng.) Irish-born British novelist and short-story writer. Among her novels are The House in Paris (1935), The Death of the Heart (1938), and The Heat of the Day (1949). Her short-story collections include The Demon Lover (1945). Her finely wrought prose style frequently details uneasy and unfulfilling relationships among the upper middle class. Her essays appear in Collected Impressions (1950) and Afterthought (1962).
Learn more about Bowen, Elizabeth (Dorothea Cole) with a free trial on Britannica.com.
Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.
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