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bur marigold or sticktight, common name for any species of Bidens, a genus of chiefly weedy North American plants of the family Asteraceae (aster family) with two-pronged burlike fruits (achenes) that have gained various species such additional names as beggar-ticks, Spanish needles, tickseed, and bootjacks. A few showy yellow-flowered species are occasionally cultivated. Many of the common names are also used for other weeds with burs. Bur marigold is classified in the division Magnoliophyta, class Magnoliopsida, order Asterales, family Asteraceae.

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bur grass

bur grass: see sandbur.

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bur

bur or burr, popular name for fruits that have barbed, pointed, or rough outgrowths. By clinging to the fur or hair of animals and the clothing of man they are transported from the parent plant, often great distances. Some common burs include those of the chestnut, burdock, bur marigold, and cocklebur. Burs are particularly obnoxious to sheep growers because of the difficulty of removing them from wool.

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buffalo bur

buffalo bur: see nightshade.

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Bābur

orig. Zsubdotahīr al-Dīn Muhsubdotammad

(born Feb. 15, 1483, principality of Fergana—died Dec. 26, 1530, Agra, India) Emperor (1526–30) and founder of the Mughal dynasty of India. A descendant of Genghis Khan and Timur, he came from a tribe of Mongol origin but was Turkish in language and upbringing. In his youth he tried for 10 years (1494–1504) to gain control of Samarkand, Timur's old capital. Those efforts ended in his losing his own principality in Fergana (modern Uzbekistan), but he consoled himself by seizing and holding Kabul (1504). After four failed attempts, he successfully occupied Delhi (1525). Surrounded by enemy states, Bābur (the name means “Tiger”) persuaded his homesick troops to stand their ground, and over the next four years he defeated his foes. His grandson Akbar consolidated the new empire. Bābur was also a gifted poet and a lover of nature who constructed gardens wherever he went. The Bābur-nāmeh, his prose memoirs, has become a world classic of autobiography.

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Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008. Encyclopedia Britannica Online.