AL-AZIZ encyclopedia topics

AL-AZIZ - 6 reference results

Khalid ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, 1913-82, king of Saudi Arabia (1975-82). He became king after the assassination of his half-brother Faisal. The son of Ibn Saud, the founder of Saudi Arabia, he was the third of Ibn Saud's sons to become king. He continued the widespread economic and social reforms begun by Faisal. His half-brother Fahd succeeded him.

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Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud

Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud, 1905-75, king of Saudi Arabia (1964-75), son of Ibn Saud, brother of Saud. Faisal led several military campaigns in the making of Saudi Arabia. In 1958 he became premier and foreign minister in the cabinet of his brother, King Saud. Faisal was removed from office in 1960, but was reinstated as premier in 1962. Due to poor health and domestic opposition, King Saud was forced to abdicate (Nov., 1964) by the ruling family in favor of the more popularly approved Faisal. After becoming king, Faisal effected far-reaching economic, administrative, and educational reforms. He joined with other Arab nations against Israel in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. In 1975, Faisal was shot and killed by one of his nephews; he was succeeded by his brother, Crown Prince Khalid.

See A. Bligh, From Prince to King (1984).

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Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud

Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud: see Ibn Saud.

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Abd al-Aziz IV

Abd al-Aziz IV, 1880-1943, sultan of Morocco (1894-1908), son of Hassan. His weak control was evident after the death (c.1900) of the regent Ba Ahmed. His submissiveness to foreign influence, his indulgence in European luxuries (which Muslims considered unbefitting his position as religious leader), and his reorganization of the tax system led to widespread unrest. The Franco-British agreement of 1904 furnished a pretext for French demands that led in 1906 to the Algeciras Conference (see Morocco). Moroccan disapproval of the settlement led to revolt; Abd al-Aziz was deposed (1908) by his brother Abd al-Hafiz.

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Abd al-Aziz

Abd al-Aziz or Abdülaziz, 1830-76, Ottoman sultan (1861-76), brother and successor of Abd al-Majid. The economic and political reforms enacted under his rule could not outpace the decline of the Ottoman Empire (Turkey). In 1875 his bankrupt government repudiated the interest on the huge loans raised in Western Europe; this act led to foreign control over part of the Ottoman revenues. Romania, Serbia, and Egypt gained virtual independence, and revolts broke out in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bulgaria. Political decay was paralleled, however, by cultural rebirth. Many important schools were founded, and newspapers helped to educate the Turks politically. In 1876, Midhat Pasha, foremost among the liberals, overthrew Abd al-Aziz, who died a few days later, probably by suicide. He was succeeded by his nephew, Murad V.

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