Numerous rustic cabins and historic sites are located in the preserve. These are reminders of the importance of the Yukon River during the Klondike Gold Rush. Paleontological and archeological sites here add much to our knowledge of this environment thousands of years ago.
Peregrine falcons nest in the high bluffs overlooking the river, while the rolling hills that make up the preserve are home to an abundant array of wildlife.
The area was proclaimed as a United States National Monument on December 1, 1978, and was redesignated a National Preserve on December 2, 1980. The Charley River has been named a National Wild River.