Anderson later sold the movie rights for $500. The first film version (black-and-white) produced by RKO Radio Pictures was called They Live by Night. It had a delayed premiere in 1950. Directed by Nicholas Ray (his first major directorial effort) and starring Farley Granger and Cathy O'Donnell, it was one of the classic noir crime films of its time.
A second film version was later made by Robert Altman in 1974 and released by MGM/UA studios under the same title as the original book, Thieves Like Us.