In the past the theatre bore the names Théâtre Lyrique, Théâtre des Nations, and Théâtre Sarah Bernhardt.
The theatre has been known at different times under the names Théâtre Lyrique and Théâtre des Nations, before taking its name after the renowned actress Sarah Bernhardt, who produced there from 1899 for nearly two decades.
During the German occupation the theatre reverted to the name Théâtre des Nations, because of Bernhardt's jewish ancestry.
Since the late 70's, the institution produces a good quantity of dance shows being considered as a real international achievement in the field of contemporary dance. For example, the Théâtre de la Ville revealed famous choreographers like Pina Bausch, Anne Teresa De Keersmaeker, Jan Fabre, Sankai Juku, or Carolyn Carlson amongst others.