Steatocranus (Boulenger, 1899) is a small genus of rheophilic cichlid fish primarily endemic to the Congo River in West Africa, although one species, Steatocranus irvinei, is found in Ghana. The genus currently includes 9 formally described species, and at least 7 undescribed species, all of which have relatively reduced swim bladder function. The name Steatocranus refers to the fatty deposit on the forehead of most species. Two species, Steatocranus casuarius (also known as the lionhead, blockhead or humphead) and Steatocranus tinanti are relatively common in the aquarium trade. As for other cichlids brood care is highly developed and both sexes are involved in raising the young. All Steatocranus species are secretive cave spawners and form monogamous pairs for breeding. The female is more actively involved in fry raising, while the male is primarily concerned with territorial defence.

Species

• Steatocranus bleheri Meyer, 1993
• Steatocranus casuarius Poll, 1939
• Steatocranus gibbiceps Boulenger, 1899
• Steatocranus glaber Roberts & Stewart, 1976
• Steatocranus irvinei (Trewavas, 1943)
• Steatocranus mpozoensis Roberts & Stewart, 1976
• Steatocranus rouxi (Pellegrin, 1928)
• Steatocranus tinanti (Poll, 1939)
• Steatocranus ubanguiensis Roberts & Stewart, 1976