Shinano, river, longest of Honshu, Japan, c.230 mi (370 km) long. It rises in the mountains of central Honshu and flows generally NE to the Sea of Japan at Niigata. It waters the fertile Niigata plain.

Shinano may refer to:

• Shinano, Nagano, a town in Nagano prefecture, Japan
• Shinano River, the longest river in Japan
• Shinano Province, one of the old provinces of Japan
• Japanese aircraft carrier Shinano, an aircraft carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy
• Shinano (train) named after the province of old Japan

See also: Shinano Kenshi