Those living along the Shilabati are mostly farmers who depend on the river for irrigation. A large number of fishermen also earn their livelihood from the river. The Shilabati is also used as waterway for transporting goods and passengers.
Almost every year the Shilabati causes flooding, particularly in Banka, Khirpai and Ghatal area. There is a small reservoir on the Shilabati near Khatra known as Kadam Deuli Dam where a canal from Mukutmanipur Kangsabati dam meets.