Sharon Township is bordered by New York to the north, Oswayo Township to the east, Clara and Pleasant Valley Townships to the south and McKean County to the west.
The borough of Shinglehouse is in the western part of the township near the McKean County line.
The next division leading to Sharon Township was the organization of Roulette Township, in 29 January, 1816. It included the present area of Sharon, as well as current Roulette Township, Pleasant Valley Township and Clara Township.
Finally, on 26 February, 1828, Sharon (and Clara Township) was created out of Roulette Township.
There were 335 households out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.0% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.3% were non-families. 19.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.13.
In the township the population was spread out with 26.0% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.2 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $34,063, and the median income for a family was $38,661. Males had a median income of $30,500 versus $22,031 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,570. About 8.8% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.7% of those under age 18 and 12.5% of those age 65 or over.