Semnan, city (1991 pop. 75,131), capital of Semnan prov., N Iran. It is the trade and transportation center of a fertile agricultural region. Manufactures of the city include textiles, carpets, and fruit. Semnan was destroyed by the Oghuz Turks (1036) and by the Mongols (1221). There are many historical remains, including the ruins of several old castles.
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