Sharangadeva (1210-1247 AD) was the author of the Sangita Ratnakara, which is considered by many to be the most important work on music, after Bharata's Natya Shastra. This is the last text in the Indian musicology that is referred to by both Carnatic and Hindustani Classical Music traditions, and is therefore thought to mark the point after which these two streams diverged.

Sharangadeva's was of Kashmiri ancestry; his grandfather had migrated to Devagiri (in Maharashtra). He worked as an accountant in the court of the Yadava King Singhana (1210-1247 AD).