The allocation of codes is maintained by the United Nations as the Distinguishing Signs of Vehicles in International Traffic, being authorized by the UN's Geneva Convention on Road Traffic of 1949 and the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic of 1968. Many vehicle codes created since the adoption of ISO 3166 coincide with either the ISO two-letter or three-letter codes.
In the European Union, vehicles from one member state do not need to display the oval while within another provided the number plate is in the common EU standard format, which includes the IVR code on the plate itself.
Note: an asterisk (*) indicates that this code is unofficial.
A | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1910 | |||
| AFG | 1971 | |||
| AG | ||||
| AL | 1934 | |||
| AND | 1957 | |||
| ANG | 1975 | PAN: 1932-1957, P: 1957-1975 | Formerly a territory of Portugal | |
| ARK* | Antarctica | |||
| ARM | 1992 | SU | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| ARU* | NA | Formerly part of the Netherlands Antilles | ||
| AUS | 1954 | |||
| AX* | 2002 | SF | Territory of Finland | |
| AXA | ||||
| AZ | 1992 | SU | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
B | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| B | 1910 | |||
| BD | 1978 | PAK | Formerly East Pakistan | |
| BDS | 1956 | |||
| BF | 1984 | RHV / HV | until August 2003, 1984: (République (de)) Haute Volta (Upper Volta) | |
| BG | 1910 | |||
| BHT | ||||
| BIH | 1992 | YU | Bosna i Hercegovina (Bosnian) | |
| BOL | 1967 | |||
| BR | 1930 | |||
| BRN | 1954 | |||
| BRU | 1956 | |||
| BS | 1950 | |||
| BU | 1962 | RU | until 1962: part of Belgian territory of Ruanda-Urundi | |
| BY | 1992 | SU | Byelorussia; formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| BZ | 1938-1980s | BH | until 1973: British Honduras | |
C | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| C | 1930 | |||
| CAM | 1952 | F & WAN | Formerly a territory of France | |
| CDN | 1956 | CA | Canadian Dominion | |
| CGO | 1997 | CB,RCL,CGO,ZR,ZRE | Congo Belge (French), République de Congo Léopoldville (French), Congo (Kinshasa), Zaïre | |
| CH | 1911 | Confœderatio Helvetica (Latin) | ||
| CI | (Ivory Coast) | 1961 | F | Formerly a territory of France |
| CL | 1961 | Formerly Ceylon | ||
| CN | ||||
| CO | 1952 | |||
| COM | F | Formerly a territory of France | ||
| CR | 1956 | |||
| CV | 1975 | P | Formerly a territory of Portugal | |
| CY | 1932 | |||
| CYM* | Part of the United Kingdom | |||
| CZ | 1993 | CS | Formerly Československo (Czechoslovakia) | |
D | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| D | 1910 | Deutschland (German); also used until 1974 by , which then used DDR until German reunification in 1990 | ||
| DJI | F | Formerly a territory of France | ||
| DK | 1914 | |||
| DOM | 1952 | |||
| DY | 1910 | Part of AOF (Afrique occidentale française) -1960 | Dahomey (name until 1975) | |
| DZ | 1962 | F -1911 | Dzayer (Algerian Arabic); Formerly a territory of France | |
E | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| E | 1910 | España (Spanish) | ||
| EAK | 1938 | East Africa Kenya | ||
| EAT | 1938 | EAT & EAZ | East Africa Tanzania; formerly East Africa Tanganyika & East Africa Zanzibar | |
| EAU | 1938 | East Africa Uganda | ||
| EC | 1962 | |||
| ENG* | ||||
| ER | 1993 | AOI -1941, ETH 1964-1993 | Africa Orientale Italiana (Italian), Ethiopia | |
| ES | 1978 | |||
| EST | 1993 | EW 1919-1940 & 1991-1993; SU 1940-1991 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| ET | 1927 | |||
| ETH | 1964 | AOI -1941 | Africa Orientale Italiana (Italian) | |
F | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| F | 1910 | |||
| FIN | 1993 | SF | Suomi Finland (Finnish/Swedish) | |
| FJI | 1971 | |||
| FL | 1923 | Fürstentum Liechtenstein (German) | ||
| FO | 1996 | FR | Sometimes FØ or Fø | |
| FSM | ||||
G | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| G | 1974 | ALEF -1960 | Afrique Équatoriale Française | |
| GB | (of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) | 1910 | Before 1922 it was used for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland | |
| GBA | 1924 | Great Britain - Alderney | ||
| GBG | 1924 | Great Britain - Guernsey | ||
| GBJ | 1924 | Great Britain - Jersey | ||
| GBM | 1932 | Great Britain - Man | ||
| GBZ | 1924 | Great Britain - Gibraltar [Z was assigned because G was already used for Guernsey] | ||
| GCA | 1956 | Guatemala Central America | ||
| GE | 1992 | SU | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| GH | 1959 | WAC -1957 | West Africa Gold Coast -1957 | |
| GW, RGB | 1974 | P | Portuguese Guinea - 1974. República da Guiné-Bissau | |
| GQ* | E | Formerly a territory of Spain - Spanish Guinea -1968 | ||
| GR | 1913 | |||
| GUY | 1972 | BRG | Formerly British Guiana -1966 | |
H | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| H | 1910 | |||
| HK | 1932 | |||
| HKJ | JOR | Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | ||
| HN | ||||
| HR | 1992 | SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-92 | Hrvatska (Croatian). Formerly part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca - Serbo-Croatian), then part of Yugoslavia. | |
I | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| I | 1910 | |||
| IL | 1952 | |||
| IND | 1947 | |||
| IR | 1936 | |||
| IRL | 1962 | GB -1910, SE -1924, EIR -1938 | Great Britain, Saorstát Éireann, Éire | |
| IRQ | 1930 | |||
| IS | 1936 | Ísland (Icelandic) | ||
J | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| J | 1964 | |||
| JA | 1932 | |||
K | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| K | 1956 | F -1949 | Known as Kampuchea 1976-89. Formerly a territory of France | |
| KAN* | ||||
| KN* | GRO | Kalaallit Nunaat | ||
| KOS | 2008 | SRB 2006-2008 | Serbia 2006-2008 (Serbia claims Kosovo as part of its territory) | |
| KS | 1992 | SU -1991 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| KIR | ||||
| KP | ||||
| KSA | Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | |||
| KWT | 1954 | |||
| KZ | 1992 | SU -1991 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
L | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| L | 1911 | |||
| LAO | 1959 | F - 1949 | Formerly a territory of France (French Indochina) | |
| LAR* | 1972 | I -1949, LT | Libyan Arab Republic; Formerly a territory of Italy | |
| LB* | 1967 | |||
| LS | 1967 | BL | Basutoland -1966 | |
| LT | 1992 | SU 1940-1991 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| LV | 1992 | LR 1927-1940,SU 1940-1991 | Latvijas Republika (Latvian); Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
M | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| M | 1966 | GBY 1924-66 | ||
| MA | 1924 | Maroc (French) | ||
| MAL | 1967 | FM - 1957, PTM 1957-67 | formerly Federated Malay States, then Perseketuan Tanah Malayu (Malay) | |
| MC | 1910 | |||
| MD | 1992 | SU -1991 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| MEX | 1952 | |||
| MGL | ||||
| MH | ||||
| MK | 1992 | YU -1992 | Formerly part of Yugoslavia | |
| MNE | 2006 | MN - 1913-1919, SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-2003, SCG 2003-2006 | Formerly part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca - Serbo-Croatian), then part of Yugoslavia and then Serbia and Montenegro (Srbija i Crna Gora - Serbian) | |
| MO | 1930s? | former Portuguese overseas province | ||
| MOC | 1975 | MOC: 1932-56, P: 1957-75 | Moçambique (Portuguese) | |
| MS | 1938 | |||
| MV* | ||||
| MW | 1965 | EA 1932-38, NP - 1938-70, RNY option 1960-65 | Formerly the Nyasaland Protectorate | |
| MYA | 1989 | BUR -1989 | Also known as Burma | |
N | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| N | 1922 | |||
| NA | 1957 | |||
| NAM | 1990 | SWA | Formerly South West Africa | |
| NAU | 1968 | |||
| NC | ||||
| NEP* | 1970 | |||
| NIC | 1952 | |||
| NI* | Northern Ireland | Part of the United Kingdom | ||
| NL | 1910 | |||
| NZ | 1958 | |||
O | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| OM | ||||
P | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| P | 1910 | |||
| PA | 1952 | |||
| PAK | 1947 | |||
| PAL | ||||
| PE | 1937 | |||
| PL | 1921 | |||
| PMR* | 1990 | SU -1991, MD 1991 | Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic - officially part of . Formerly part of the Soviet Union. | |
| PNG* | 1978 | |||
| PR | ||||
| PS | ||||
| PY | 1952 | |||
Q | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| Q | 1972 | |||
R | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| RA | 1927 | República Argentina (Spanish) | ||
| RB | 1967 | Republic of Botswana | ||
| RC | 1932 | |||
| RCA | 1962 | République Centrafricaine (French) | ||
| RCB | 1962 | République du Congo Brazzaville (French) | ||
| RCH | 1930 | República de Chile (Spanish) | ||
| RG | 1972 | République de Guinée (French) | ||
| RH | 1952 | République d'Haïti (French) | ||
| RI | 1955 | Republik Indonesia (Indonesian) | ||
| RIM | 1964 | République islamique de Mauritanie (French) | ||
| RL | 1952 | République Libanaise (French) | ||
| RM | 1962 | République de Madagascar (French) | ||
| RMM | 1962 | AOF -1960 | République du Mali (French). Formerly part of French West Africa (Afrique Occidentale Française) | |
| RN | 1977 | AOF -1960 | République du Niger (French). Formerly part of French West Africa (Afrique Occidentale Française) | |
| RO | 1981 | R | ||
| ROK | 1971 | |||
| ROU | 1979 | República Oriental del Uruguay (Spanish) | ||
| RP | 1975 | Republic of the Philippines | ||
| RSM | 1932 | Repubblica di San Marino (Italian) | ||
| RT | 1960 | TT, TG | Republique Togolaise (French). Formerly French Togoland -1960 | |
| RUS | 1992 | SU | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| RWA | 1964 | RU -1962 | Formerly part of Ruanda-Urundi -1962 | |
S | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| S | 1911 | |||
| SA | 1973 | |||
| SCO* | Part of the United Kingdom | |||
| SD | 1935 | |||
| SGP | 1952 | |||
| SK | 1993 | CS | Formerly Československo (Czechoslovakia) | |
| SLE* | 2002 | officially WAL; SLE is only used on local licence plates, written below the national flag | ||
| SLO | 1992 | SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-92 | Formerly part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca - Serbo-Croatian), then part of Yugoslavia. | |
| SME | 1936 | |||
| SMOM | ||||
| SN | 1962 | |||
| SO | 1974 | |||
| SOL | ||||
| SRB | 2006 | SB - 1919, SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-2003, SCG 2003-2006 | Formerly part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca - Serbo-Croatian), then part of Yugoslavia and then Serbia and Montenegro (Srbija i Crna Gora - Serbian) | |
| STP | 1975 | P | Formerly a territory of Portugal | |
| SUD* | 1963 | |||
| SY | 1938 | |||
| SYR | 1952 | |||
T | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| T | 1955 | |||
| TCH* | 1973 | Tchad (French) | ||
| TG* | 1973 | See RT | ||
| TJ | 1992 | SU -1991 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| TL | P, RI | Formerly a territory of Portugal, then part of Indonesia | ||
| TM | 1992 | SU -1991 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| TN | 1957 | F -1956 | Formerly a territory of France | |
| TO | ||||
| TR | 1935 | |||
| TT | 1964 | |||
| TUV | ||||
U | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| UA | 1992 | SU | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
| UAE | ||||
| USA | 1952 | Correctly used by U.S.-registered vehicles abroad. Today, U.S.-owned vehicles registered in Europe use the licence plate code of the country in which they are located. | ||
| UZ | 1992 | SU | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |
V | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| V | 1931 | |||
| VN | 1953 | |||
| VU | ||||
W | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| WAG | 1932 | West Africa Gambia | ||
| WAL | 1937 | West Africa Sierra Leone; on local licence plates SLE is used | ||
| WAN | 1937 | West Africa Nigeria | ||
| WD | 1954 | Windward Islands Dominica | ||
| WG | 1932 | Windward Islands Grenada | ||
| WL | 1932 | Windward Islands Saint Lucia | ||
| WS | 1962 | formerly Western Samoa | ||
| WSA* | Western Sahara | 1932 | SE -1976 | formerly Sahara Español (Spanish); now mostly occupied by Morocco, with some territory administered by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic |
| WV | 1932 | Windward Islands Saint Vincent | ||
Y | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| YEM | YAR | North Yemen formerly known as the Yemen Arab Republic | ||
| YV | ||||
Z | ||||
| Code | Country | From | Before | Notes |
| Z | 1966 | |||
| ZA | 1936 | Zuid Afrika (Afrikaans) | ||
| ZW | 1977 | |||
| Code | Country | Until | After | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADN | Aden | 1967 | Y | |
| BP | Bechuanaland Protectorate, now Botswana | 1966 | RB | |
| BUR | Burma | 1989 | MYA | |
| CS | Czechoslovakia | 1992 | CZ / SK | |
| DA | Free City of Danzig | 1939 | 1939-1945:D, since 1945: PL | |
| DDR | German Democratic Republic | 1990 | D | Deutsche Demokratische Republik |
| EW | Estonia | 1993 | EST | Eesti Vabariik (Estn.) |
| FR | Faroes | 1996 | FO | |
| GRO | Greenland | KN | ||
| HV | Haute Volta, now Burkina Faso | 1984 | BF | Upper Volta |
| LR | Latvia | 1927-1940 | SU, LV | Latvijas Republika (Latv.) |
| R | Romania | 1981 | RO | |
| RSR | Southern Rhodesia | 1960-1979 | ZW | Now Zimbabwe |
| RNR | Northern Rhodesia | Z | Now Zambia | |
| RNY | Rhodesia-Nyasaland Fed. | MW | Now Malawi | |
| SA | Saarland | 1956 | D | also D between 1935 and 1945 |
| SB | Serbia | 1919 | SHS | Serbia became part of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes |
| SCG | Serbia and Montenegro | 2006 | MNE, SRB | Presumably from Serbian name "Srbija i Crna Gora". Now Montenegro, Serbia |
| SF | Finland | 1993 | FIN | SF from "Suomi – Finland" (the names of the country in both of its official languages, Finnish and Swedish) |
| SHS | Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes | 1929 | Y | Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca - Serbo-Croatian. Kingdom changed its name to Yugoslavia |
| SU | Soviet Union | 1991 | EST, LT, LV, BY, MD, UA, TJ, TUR, GE, KZ, UZ, KS, AZ, ARM, RUS | |
| SWA | South West Africa | 1990 | NAM | Namibia |
| TS | Free Territory of Trieste | 1947 - 1954 | YU, SLO | |
| Y | Yugoslavia | 1953 | YU | Yemen started using Y afterwards |
| YU | Yugoslavia | 2003 | BIH, HR, MK, MNE, SRB, SLO | Now Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia |
| ZRE | Zaire | 1997 | CB |