Matsukata, Masayoshi, 1835-1924, Japanese statesman. A Satsuma clansman and a genro, he was a leading figure in the modernization of Japan. As finance minister (1881-91) his programs stimulated economic activity, increased exports, and laid the basis for armament expansion. As prime minister (1891-92) he dissolved the diet and used the police in the subsequent election, which he nonetheless lost. He became prime minister again (1896-97) and was keeper of the privy seal (1917-22).