The highest area in the range, the Pollino it is made of limestone, and therefore subject to erosion phenomena which have created, especially on the Calabrian side, numerous grottoes, such as the Romito ones, in which graffities from Palaeolithic times have been found, and canyons, such as that created by the Raganello stream.
The main peaks are that of the Pollino (2,248 m) and the Serra Dolcedorme (2,267 m), which overlooks the plain of Sibari.
The Pollino is home to a flourishing fauna and vegetation. Especially in the highest quotes are present woods of chestnut, beech and the rare Bosnian Pine, which is the park's symbol; animal species include Italian Wolf, Eagle Owl, Roe Deer and the rare Golden Eagle.