Labiodental_consonant

Labiodental consonant

In phonetics, labiodentals are consonants articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth. The labiodental consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are:

IPA	Description	Example
IPA	Description	Language	Orthography	IPA	Meaning
p̪	voiceless labiodental plosive
b̪	voiced labiodental plosive
p̪͡f	voiceless labiodental affricate	Tsonga³	N/A	[tim̪p̪͡fuβu]	hippos
b̪͡v	voiced labiodental affricate	Tsonga⁴	N/A	[ʃileb̪͡vu]	chin
labiodental nasal	English	symphony¹	[ˈsɪɱfəni]	symphony
voiceless labiodental fricative	English	fan	[fæn]	Fan
voiced labiodental fricative	English	van	[væn]	van
labiodental approximant	Dutch	wang	[ʋɑŋ]	cheek
ɧ	voiceless rounded velarized labiodental fricative	Swedish⁵	sjok	[ɧuːk]	chunk

Notes:

[ɱ] is an allophone of /m/ that occurs before /v/ and /f/.
The stops (the plosives and the nasal ɱ) are not confirmed to exist as separate phonemes in any language. They are sometimes written as ȹ ȸ (qp and db monograms).
This applies only to the XiNkuna dialect of Tsonga where it is a separate phoneme (with aspirated and unaspirate allophones in free variation. Please note these differ from the German bilabial-labiodental affricate which commences with a bilabial p.
Again, found only in the XiNkuna dialect.
Varies considerably between dialects. In some cases it's similar to the velar fricative [x].

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