the encyclopedic entry of Krogh, Schack August Steenberg

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Events of 1920

January

January 1 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time.
January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. The Great Siberian Ice March ensues.
January 9

Thousands of onlookers watch as "The Human Fly" George Polley, climbs the New York Woolworth Building. He has reached the 30th floor when a policeman arrests him for climbing without a permit

January 16

Prohibition begins in the United States with the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution coming into effect.
The World War I Allies demand that the Netherlands extradite the German Kaiser Wilhelm II, who has fled there.
Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Incorporated, was founded on the campus of Howard University in Washington D.C.

January 19 - The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
January 22 - The Australian Country Party is officially formed, led by Nelson Pollard.
January 23 - The Netherlands refuses to extradite the German Kaiser.
January 28 - The Spanish legion is founded and stationed in North Africa to fight rebels in Morocco.
January 28 - Turkey gives up the Ottoman Empire and all non-Turkish areas.
January 30 - Oldest surviving pro wrestling match on film happened on this day with Joe Stecher defeating Earl Caddock

February

February 1 - The Royal Canadian Mounted Police begin operations.
February 2

Estonian Freedom War: Tartu Peace Treaty is signed, ending the war and recognizing Estonian independence.
France occupies Memel.
Sayyid Muhammad, Khan of Khiva abdicates.

February 7 - Admiral Kolchak and Viktor Pepelyayev are executed by firing squad near Irkutsk.
February 9 - League of Nations gives Spitsbergen to Norway.
February 10 - Jozef Haller de Hallenburg performs the symbolic wedding of Poland to the sea, celebrating restitution of Polish access to open sea.
February 14 - The League of Women Voters is founded in Chicago.
February 17 -A woman named Anna Anderson tries to commit suicide in Berlin and is taken to mental hospital, where she claims she is Anastasia.
February 21 - The island province of Marinduque in the Philippine archipelago was being founded.
February 22 - In Emeryville, California, the first dog racing track to employ an imitation rabbit opens.
February 24 - Adolf Hitler presents his National Socialist program in Munich.

March

March - World's first peaceful establishment of a social democratic government takes place in Sweden. Hjalmar Branting takes over when Nils Edén resigns.
March 1

Hungarian Admiral and statesman Miklós Horthy becomes the Regent of Hungary
The United States Railroad Administration returns control of American railroads to its constituent railroad companies.

March 10 - The Baylor Business Men's Club changes its name to the Baylor University Chamber of Commerce. It has operated under this name since the change.
March 13-March 17 - Wolfgang Kapp fails in his coup attempt in Germany due to public resistance and a general strike.
March 15 - Red Army of Ruhr, communist army 60.000 men strong, formed
March 19 - US Congress refuses to ratify Versailles Treaty.
March 23 - Admiral Horthy declares that Hungary is a monarchy without anyone on the throne.
March 26

German government asks France for permission to use its own troops against rebellious Ruhr Red Army in the French-occupied area.
Irish War of Independence: The Black and Tans special constables arrive in Ireland.

March 28 - The Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1920 hits the Great Lakes region and Deep South states.
March 29 - Sir William Robertson, who enlisted in 1877, becomes a field marshal in the British Army, the first man to rise to this rank from private
March 31 - Government of Ireland Act 1920 is presented in British parliament.

April

April 2 - German army marches to Ruhr to fight Red Ruhr Army.
April 4 - Jerusalem pogrom of April, 1920 . Violence between Arabic and Jewish resident in Jerusalem . governor declares the state of siege
April 6 - The short-lived Far Eastern Republic declared in eastern Siberia
April 11 - Mexican Revolution - Álvaro Obregón flees from Mexico City during a trial intended to ruin his reputation - he flees to Guerrero where he joins Fortunato Maycotte
April 19 - Germany and Bolshevist Russia agree to the exchange of prisoners of war.
April 20 - Álvaro Obregón announces in Chilpancingo that he intends to fight against the rule of Venustiano Carranza
April 23 - National council in Turkey denounces the government of sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution.
April 24 - Polish-Soviet War: Polish and Anti-Soviet Ukrainian troops attack the Red Army in Soviet Ukraine.
April 26 - the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic is officially created by Bolshevist Russia as the successor to the Khanate of Khiva.

May

May 2 - The first game of the Negro National League baseball is played in Indianapolis, Indiana.
May 7

Polish-Soviet War: Polish troops occupy Kyiv. The government of Ukrainian People's Republic returns to the city.
Venustiano Carranza leaves Mexico City in a large train.
Treaty of Moscow (1920): Soviet Russia recognizes independence of the Democratic Republic of Georgia only to invade the country six months later.

May 19 - Álvaro Obregón's troops enter Mexico City
May 15 - Maria Bochkareva executed in Soviet Russia
May 16 -

Joan of Arc is canonised. Over 30,000 people attended the ceremony in Rome, including 140 descendants of Joan of Arc's family. Pope Benedict XV presided over the rite, for which the interior of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome was richly decorated.
Referendum in Switzerland is favorable to joining League of Nations.

May 17

French and Belgian troops leave the cities they have occupied in Germany.
First flight of KLM, Dutch air company, from Amsterdam to London.

May 20 - Venustiano Carranza arrives in San Antonio Tlaxcalantongo. Troops of Rodolfo Herrera attack him at night and shoot him
May 24 - Venustiano Carranza is buried in Mexico City - all of his mourning allies are arrested. Adolfo de la Huerta is elected provisional president
May 27 - Tomáš Masaryk becomes president of Czechoslovakia.
May 29 - Great Horncastle flood. 20 people killed.

June

June 4 - Treaty of Trianon, Treaty of Peace between the Allied Powers and Hungary.
June 12 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army retakes Kyiv.
June 13 - The United States Post Office Department rules that children may not be sent via parcel post.
June 15 - New border treaty between Germany and Denmark gives northern Schleswig to Denmark.
June 22 - Greece attacks Turkish troops.

July

July 1 - Germany declares its neutrality in the war between Poland and Soviet Russia
July 2 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army continues offensive into Poland.
July 10 - Arthur Meighen becomes Canada's ninth prime minister.
July 12 - Bolshevist Russia recognizes independent Lithuania.
July 13 - London County Council bars foreigners from council jobs.
July 19 – August 7 – The Second Congress of the Communist International took place in Saint Petersburg and Moscow. The notorious Twenty-one Conditions were adopted.
July 20 – The United Kingdom cedes its brief control of the key Black Sea port of Batum to the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
July 22 - Polish-Soviet War: Poland sues for peace with Bolshevist Russia.
July 23 - The French defeat the Syrian army in the Battle of Maysalun.
July 24 - French troops occupy Damascus and depose Faisal I of Syria as king of Syria.
July 26 - Pancho Villa takes over Sabina and contacts de la Huerta to offer his conditional surrender. He signs his surrender in July 28.
July 29 - The United States Bureau of Reclamation begins construction of the Link River Dam as part of the Klamath Reclamation Project.
July 31 - France prohibits the sale or prescription of contraceptives.

August

August 2 - Irish War of Independence: British parliament passes bill to restore order in Ireland, suspending jury trials.
August 3 - Irish War of Independence: Catholics riot in Belfast.
August 10 - Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives sign the Treaty of Sèvres.
August 11 - Bolshevik Russia recognizes independent Estonia and Latvia.
August 13 - August 25 - Polish-Soviet War: The Red Army is defeated in the Battle of Warsaw.
August 15 - Irish War of Independence: Town Hall of Templemore, Ireland, is burned down during the riots.
August 18 - Amendment 19 allowed women the right to vote under constitutional protection.
August 19-August 25 - Second Silesian Uprising, the Poles in Upper Silesia rise against the Germans
August 20 - The first commercial radio station in the United States, 8MK (WWJ), begins operations in Detroit, Michigan.
August 26 - 19th Amendment to US constitution is passed, guaranteeing women's suffrage.

September

September 4 - El Tercio de Extranjeros, the "Regiment of Foreigners" (modern-day Spanish Legion) inaugurated in Spain
September 5 - Presidential elections begin in Mexico
September 8 - Gabriele D'Annunzio proclaims the Italian Regency of Carnaro in the city of Fiume.
September 16 - The Wall Street bombing: a hi cordell bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J.P.Morgan building in New York City - 38 dead, 400 injured
September 20 - The first soldier joins the Spanish Legion.
September 22 - Flying Squad formed in London Metropolitan Police.
September 29

First domestic radio sets come to stores in USA – Westinghouse radio costs $10.
Adolf Hitler makes first public political speech, in Austria.

October

October 9 - Polish troops take Vilnius
October 10 - In the Carinthian Plebiscite a large part of Carinthia Province votes to become part of Austria rather than of the Yugoslavia.
October 12 - Polish-Soviet War After Polish army captures Tarnopol, Dubno, Minsk, and Dryssa, the ceasefire is enforced.
October 18 - Thousands of unemployed demonstrate in London ? 50 injured
October 26 - Álvaro Obregón is announced elected president of Mexico
October 27 - League of Nations moves its headquarters to Geneva, Switzerland

November

November 2

Warren G. Harding defeats James M. Cox and Eugene V. Debs in the U.S. presidential election, the first national U.S. election in which women have the right to vote.
In the United States, KDKA AM of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (owned by Westinghouse) starts broadcasting as a commercial radio station. The first broadcast was the results of the U.S. presidential election, 1920.

November 11 - Unknown Soldier buried in Westminster Abbey.
November 15 - In Geneva, the first assembly of the League of Nations is held.
November 16 - Queensland and Northern Territory Aviation Services (Qantas) is founded by Hudson Fysh and Paul McGinniss.
November 17 - The council of the League of Nations accepts the constitution for the Free City of Danzig.
November 21 - Bloody Sunday - British forces open fire on spectators and players during a football match in Dublin's Croke Park, killing 14 Irish civilians. This followed the assassinations of 12 British agents by the IRA in an earlier attack elsewhere.
November 28 - The Third Cork Brigade Flying Column under Tom Barry successfully ambush two lorries of British soldiers at Kilmichael, County Cork, in the Kilmichael Ambush
Edmonton Symphony Orchestra's first concert in the world along with martha Washington.

December

December 5 - Referendum in Greece is favorable to reinstatement of monarchy.
December 11 - Martial law in Ireland.
December 16

Finland joins the League of Nations.
8.6 Richter scale Haiyuan earthquake causes landslide in Gansu Province, China - 180.000 dead.

December 15 - December 22 - The Brussels conference establishes a timetable for German war reparations intended to extend for over 42 years.
December 22 - The 8th Congress of Soviets of the Russian SFSR adopts GOELRO plan, the major plan of the economical development of the country.
December 23 - United Kingdom and France ratify the border between French-held Syria and British-held Palestine.
December 25 - Foundation of The Rosicrucian Fellowship's Spiritual Healing Temple "The Ecclesia" at Mount Ecclesia, Oceanside, California (United States).

Ongoing

Ethnic cleansing in Turkey:

Assyrian Genocide (1914–1922)
Pontic Greek Genocide (1916–1923).

Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922)
Irish War of Independence

Births

January-February

January 1 - Virgilio Savona, Italian singer and songwriter (Quartetto Cetra)
January 2 - Isaac Asimov, Russian-born author (d. 1992), Anne-Sofie Østvedt, Norweigan resistance leader
January 3 - Renato Carosone, Italian musician and singer (d. 2001)
January 5 - Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (d. 1995)
January 6

Sun Myung Moon, Korean evangelist
John Maynard Smith, English biologist (d. 2004)
Early Wynn, baseball player (d. 1999)

January 9 - Hakim Mohammed Said, Pakistani scholar and philanthropist (d. 1998)
January 12 - Bill Reid, Canadian artist (d. 1998)
January 19 - Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Peruvian United Nations Secretary General
January 20

Federico Fellini, Italian film director (d. 1993)
DeForest Kelley, American actor (d. 1999)
John O'Connor, American Catholic cardinal (d. 2000)

January 23 - Gottfried Böhm, German architect
January 27 - Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (d. 2002)
January 30 - Delbert Mann, American television and film director
February 2 - Heikki Suolahti, Finnish composer (d. 1936)
February 7 - An Wang, Chinese-born computer pioneer (d. 1990)
February 11

Farouk I, King of Egypt (d. 1965)
Billy Halop, American actor (d. 1976)

February 12 - William Roscoe Estep, American Baptist historian (d. 2000)
February 13 - Seneka Bibile, Sri Lankan pharmacologist (d. 1977)
February 17 - Ivo Caprino, Norwegian film director (d. 2001)
February 18 - Bill Cullen, American game show host (d. 1990)
February 18 - Eddie Slovik, U.S. Army private (d. 1945)
February 26

Tony Randall, American actor (d. 2004)
Lucjan Wolanowski, Polish journalist, writer, and traveler (d. 2006)

February 29 - Howard Nemerov, American poet (d. 1991)

March-April

March 3

James Doohan, Canadian-born actor (d. 2005)
Ronald Searle, British cartoonist

March 4

Jean Lecanuet, French politician (d. 1993)
Alan MacNaughtan, Scottish actor (d. 2002)

March 10

Alfred Peet, Dutch-American entrepreneur and the founder of Peet's Coffee & Tea (d. 2007)
Boris Vian, French writer, poet, singer, and musician (d. 1959)

March 11 - Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
March 14 - Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (d. 2001)
March 15

Lawrence Sanders, American novelist (d. 1998)
E. Donnall Thomas, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

March 16 - Leo McKern, Australian actor (d. 2002)
March 19 - Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian poet and artist (d. 2002)
March 20 - Pamela Harriman, English-born U.S. ambassador to France (d. 1997)
March 22 - Werner Klemperer, German actor (d. 2000)
March 23 - Tetsuharu Kawakami, Japanese baseball player and coach
March 24 - Corbin Harney, an elder and spiritual leader of the Newe (Western Shoshone) people (d. 2007)
March 25

Patrick Troughton, British actor (d. 1987)
Arthur Wint, Jamaican runner (d. 1992)

March 27 - Robin Jacques, English illustrator (d. 1995)
March 31 - Deborah_Cavendish,_Duchess_of_Devonshire, English Dowager Duchess
April 1 - Toshirô Mifune, Japanese actor (d. 1997)
April 2 - Jack Webb, American actor, director, and producer (d. 1982)
April 5 - Arthur Hailey, American writer (d. 2004)
April 6 - Edmond H. Fischer, Swiss-American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
April 7 - Ravi Shankar, Indian sitar player
April 8 - Carmen McRae, American jazz singer (d. 1994)
April 11 - Peter O'Donnell, British author and writer of comic strips
April 13 - Liam Cosgrave, fifth Taoiseach of Ireland
April 15 - Thomas Stephen Szasz, Hungarian-born psychiatrist and writer
April 21 - Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (d. 1991)
April 27 - Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d. 1956)
April 29 - Harold Shapero, American composer

May-June

May 2

Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (d. 2004)
Otto Buchsbaum, Austrian-born writer and ecological activist (d. 2000)

May 6 - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, first Prime Minister of Fiji and President of Fiji (d. 2004)
May 8 - Saul Bass, American graphic designer (d. 1996)
May 9 - Richard Adams, English author
May 11 - Denver Pyle, American actor (d. 1997)
May 13 - Gareth Morris, British flautist (d. 2007)
May 18

Pope John Paul II (d. 2005)
Lucia Mannucci, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra)

May 23 - Helen O'Connell, American singer (d. 1993)
May 26 - Peggy Lee, American singer (d. 2002)
May 28 - Gene Levitt, American television writer, producer, and director (d. 1999)
May 29 - John Harsanyi, Hungarian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
May 30 - Franklin Schaffner, American film and television director (d. 1989)
June 2 - Tex Schramm, American football executive (d. 2003)
June 12

Dave Berg, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
Jim Siedow, American actor (d. 2003)

June 16 - José López Portillo, President of Mexico (d. 2004)
June 17

Jacob H. Gilbert, American politician (d. 1981)
François Jacob, French biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

June 25 - Ozan Marsh, American pianist
June 29 - Ray Harryhausen, American animator

July-August

July 4 - Leona Helmsley, Hotel operator, Realestate investor (d. 2007)
July 10 - Owen Chamberlain, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
July 11 - Yul Brynner, Russian-born actor (d. 1985)
July 13

Bill Towers, English footballer (d. 2000)
Don Ralke, American music arranger (d. 2000)

July 17 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish International Olympic Committee president
July 21 - Isaac Stern, Ukrainian-born violinist (d. 2001)
July 24 - Bella Abzug, American politician (d. 1998)
July 25 - Rosalind Franklin, British crystallographer (d. 1958)
August 1 - Sammy Lee, Korean American diver
August 2 - Reginald Hugh Hickling, British lawyer, colonial civil servant, law academic and author (d. 2007)
August 3 - Hayden Carruth, American poet and literary critic
August 8

Leo Chiosso, Italian poet (d. 2006)
Jimmy Witherspoon, American singer (d. 1997)

August 9 - Milton G. Henschel, a member of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses and 5th President of Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (d. 2003)
August 20 - Red Holzman, American basketball coach (d. 1998)
August 16 - Charles Bukowski, American writer (d. 1994)
August 17 - Maureen O'Hara, Irish actress
August 18

Bob Kennedy, baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
Shelley Winters, American actress (d. 2006)

August 21 - Christopher Robin Milne, English author and bookseller (d. 1996)
August 22 - Ray Bradbury, American writer
August 26 - Mauri Favén, Finnish painter (d. 2006)
August 29 - Charlie Parker, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1955)

September-October

September 9 - Aldo Parisot, Brazilian/American cellist
September 10 - Fabio Taglioni, Italian motorcycle engineer (d. 2001)
September 14

Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan writer
Lawrence Klein, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate

September 16 - Brittany Ellis/ voted greatest girl in Canada
September 18 - Jack Warden, American actor (d. 2006)
September 22 - William H. Riker, American political scientist (d. 1993)
September 23 - Mickey Rooney, American film actor
September 24 - Dick Bong, American fighter ace
September 27 - Jayne Meadows, American actress
September 29 - Peter D. Mitchell, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1992)
October 1

Charles Daudelin, Canadian sculptor (d. 2001)
Walter Matthau, American actor (d. 2000)

October 6 - Pietro Consagra, Italian sculptor (d. 2005)

Helen Andelin, American author

October 8 - Frank Herbert, American author (d. 1986)
October 9 - Jens Bjørneboe, Norwegian author (d. 1976)
October 13 - Laraine Day, American actress (d. 2007)
October 15 - Mario Puzo, American author (d. 1999)
October 19 - Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Founder Swadhyay Movement (d. 2003)
October 22 - Timothy Leary, American psychologist and author (d. 1996)
October 29 - Baruj Benacerraf, Venezuelan-born immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
October 30 - Norman Bird, British character actor (d. 2005)
October 31

Joseph Gelineau - French composer.
Fritz Walter, German footballer (d. 2002)

November-December

November 2 - Ann Rutherford, Canadian actress
November 22 - Anne Crawford, British actress (d. 1956)
November 25 - Ricardo Montalban, Mexican actor
November 29 - Yegor Ligachev, Soviet politician
November 30 - Virginia Mayo, American actress (d. 2005)
December 6

Dave Brubeck, American jazz pianist and composer
George Porter, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)

December 9 - Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of the Italian Republic
December 21 - J. Roderick MacArthur American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1984)
December 24 - Evgeniya Rudneva, Soviet World War II heroine (d. 1944)
December 30 - Jack Lord, American actor (d. 1998)
December 31 - Rex Allen, American actor, singer, songwriter (d. 1999)
date unknown

Patrick Campbell Rodger, Scottish Anglican bishop (d. 2002)
Tommy J. Smith, Australian trainer (d. 1998)
Amos Yarkoni, Israeli soldier (d. 1991)

Deaths

January - March

January 2 - Paul Adam, French writer (b. 1862)
January 3 - Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician (b. 1888)
January 4 - Benito Pérez Galdós, Spanish novelist (b. 1843)
January 6 - Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen, Danish mathematician (b. 1839)
January 7 - Edmund Barton, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1849)
January 18 - Giovanni Capurro, Italian poet (b. 1825)
January 24

William Percy French, Irish songwriter and entertainer (b. 1854)
Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (tuberculosis) (b. 1884)
William Plunket, 5th Baron Plunket, British diplomat and administrator (b. 1864)