Escudé began his career at AS Cannes, where he appeared twenty-one times in his only season for the club, scoring one goal. His performances attracted other clubs and in 1999 he was signed for Stade Rennais FC by manager Paul Le Guen. He spent the next four seasons at Rennes, making one hundred and forty-two appearances without scoring.
Escudé then moved on to Ajax Amsterdam in 2003. He made fifty-nine appearances at the Amsterdam ArenA, scoring six goals. In January 2006 he signed for Sevilla.
In 2006 he was called up to the French national squad for the first time. He earned his first cap for France in the 5-0 win against Faroe Islands on 11 October 2006.
He is the brother of the former professional tennis player Nicolas Escudé. His father Paul Escudé is an ex footballer, who played for Pau FC.