Floyd served in the Creek War as a brigadier general in the First Brigade of Georgia Militia from August 30, 1813 to March 8, 1814 and from October 17, 1814 to March 10, 1815. His wartime experience consisted of expeditions against the Creek Indians.
From 1820 to 1827, Floyd was a member of the Georgia House of Representatives. From March 4, 1827 to March 3, 1829, Floyd was a member of the United States House of Representatives. Floyd eventually died near Jefferson, Georgia. Floyd County, Georgia is named in his honor.