On the night of 12–13 November 1942, Samidare escorted Rear Admiral Abe Hiroaki's Bombardment Force. She entered the First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal late, but assisted in sinking of and damaging . She rescued 207 survivors from the destroyer and attempted to scuttle the ship with torpedoes, then to returned to the Shortland Islands to unload passengers.
In the Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, on the night of 14–15 November, Samidare joined Admiral Kondō Nobutake's Emergency Bombardment Force. With her squadron flagship in an assault on American destroyers, she assisted in sinking the , and , and damaging the . She assisted sinking the crippled battleship and helped remove her survivors, then returned to Truk on 18 November.
On 18 August 1944, Samidare ran aground on Velasco Reef near Palau (). On 25 August, she was torpedoed by . The destroyer broke in two with the stern-section sinking, and the bow-section later destroyed by the Japanese.