Scott, James Brown, 1866-1943, American lawyer and educator, b. Ontario. He studied international law at Harvard and at Berlin, Heidelberg, and Paris. He was dean of the law schools of the Univ. of Southern California (1896-99) and the Univ. of Illinois (1899-1903) and professor of law at Columbia and George Washington universities and the Univ. of Chicago. He was solicitor of the Dept. of State (1906-10), delegate to the Second Hague Peace Conference (1907), and a prominent arbitrator in international disputes. One of America's most noted experts on international law, Scott was a trustee and secretary of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace from 1910 to 1940, as well as director of its division of international law. He edited (1907-24) the American Journal of International Law and was president (1915-40) of the American Institute of International Law. His books include The Hague Peace Conference of 1899 and 1907 (2 vol., 1909) and Law, the State, and the International Community (2 vol., 1939).

(born May 3, 1933, Barnwell, S.C., U.S.—died Dec. 25, 2006, Atlanta, Ga.) U.S. singer and songwriter. Growing up in Georgia during the Depression, Brown first sang and danced on street corners for money. He later formed a group, appearing at small clubs throughout the South. He gradually evolved a highly personal style, combining blues and gospel music elements with his own emotionally charged and highly rhythmic delivery, accented by a strong sense of showmanship. His first hit, “Please, Please, Please” (1956), was followed by other million-selling singles, including “Papa's Got a Brand New Bag”; his style, marked by strong dance-oriented rhythms and heavy syncopation, became known as funk. His checkered personal life included charges of drug use and a period of imprisonment for a 1988 high-speed highway chase in which he tried to escape pursuing officers. Brown, whose sobriquets included “the Hardest-Working Man in Show Business” and “the Godfather of Soul,” was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986.

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