For much of his reign, the government was dominated by Yi Ja-gyeom, the father of his queens, and by other members of the Gyeongwon Yi clan. After Injong attempted to reclaim power, Yi launched a coup d'état in 1126, sacking much of the palace. With the aid of provincial leaders, Injong regained power in 1127. In 1135, Injong faced another rebellion, led by the Buddhist monk Myocheong.
In 1145, Injong ordered the compilation of the Samguk Sagi, a chronicle of events in the Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla periods.
Injong was succeeded by Uijong of Goryeo.