Construction began in 1902, as part of Phoebe Hearst's master campus development plan (see architecture section of UC Berkeley) and in memory of George Hearst, who had been a successful miner.
From 1998 to 2003, the building underwent a massive renovation, expansion, and seismic retrofit, in which a platform was built underneath the building, and a suspension system capable of up to 1 meter lateral travel was installed. To keep the expansion distinct from the historic building, shot peened aluminium (rather than stone) and a more modern design were used in the new construction.