Guy

Guy, Thomas, 1645?-1724, English philanthropist, founder of Guy's Hospital, London (1721). As a printer and bookseller, Guy amassed a fortune, which he devoted to private and institutional charity. He contributed largely to St. Thomas's Hospital and Christ's Hospital in London and founded an almshouse in Tamworth, Staffordshire.

Carleton, Guy, 1st Baron Dorchester, 1724-1808, governor of Quebec and British commander during the American Revolution. He began his service in America in 1758 and distinguished himself in the French and Indian War. After 1766, as lieutenant governor, acting governor, and governor of Quebec, he proved to be a very able administrator. He fostered the Quebec Act of 1774, which brought about better relations between the British and the French Canadians. The loyalty of the French Canadians to the British in the American Revolution was at least partly the result of the act. On the other hand, it infuriated the colonists in the present United States and helped bring on revolution. When Thomas Gage resigned as commander in chief of British forces in America, the command was divided—Sir Guy Carleton had command in Canada, and Sir William Howe had command farther south. When the American Revolutionaries launched their Quebec campaign, Carleton had few men and was forced to abandon Montreal, which fell to the forces under Richard Montgomery. Withdrawing to Quebec, Carleton repelled (Dec. 31, 1775) an attack led by Montgomery and Benedict Arnold and withstood a long winter siege. British reinforcements in the spring enabled him to push the American forces out of Canada to Crown Point, which he took in the autumn of 1776. Disagreements with the British colonial secretary, Lord George Germain, led to his being replaced as commander by Gen. John Burgoyne in 1777. Carleton resigned as governor and left Canada in 1778, when he was succeeded by Sir Frederick Haldimand. In Feb., 1782, after the Yorktown campaign had already effectively ended the American Revolution, Carleton replaced Sir Henry Clinton as commander in chief of the British forces. His delicate task was to suspend hostilities, withdraw the forces from the New York and Vermont frontiers, and protect the Loyalists—both those who were emigrating to Canada and those who were attempting to reestablish themselves in their old homes. He was again governor of Quebec from 1786 to 1796. High-principled and able, Carleton was perhaps the most admirable British colonial commander in America in his time.

Johnson, Guy, c.1740-1788, Loyalist leader in colonial New York, b. Ireland. He emigrated to America as a boy and married (1763) a daughter of Sir William Johnson, whom he succeeded as superintendent of Indian affairs in 1774. He had served in the French and Indian War and had acted as a deputy of Sir William after 1762. In the American Revolution he helped to keep most of the Iroquois loyal to the British. He made his headquarters (1779-81) at Niagara and with his deputy, John Butler, directed Loyalist raids against the patriot frontier settlements. He was succeeded as superintendent of Indian affairs by Sir John Johnson in 1782.

Fawkes, Guy: see Gunpowder Plot.

Mollet, Guy, 1905-75, French politician. A former schoolteacher and a wartime resistance fighter, he rose to prominence in the Socialist party after World War II. He served as minister of state in the Léon Blum government (1946-47) and as vice premier (1951). As premier of a left-of-center anti-Communist cabinet of socialists and radicals, Mollet pursued a pro-European foreign policy in Western Europe, and sent French troops into Egypt during the Suez crisis. He served as minister of state under President de Gaulle (1958-59), playing a signifcant role in the Algerian crisis. Mollet was secretary-general of the Socialist party from 1946 to 1969.

(born July 10, 1891, Sinclairville, N.Y., U.S.—died July 21, 1979, Santa Barbara, Calif.) U.S. economist. He joined the economics faculty of Columbia University in 1920, and in 1932 he became a member of the Brain Trust that advised Franklin D. Roosevelt. Appointed undersecretary of agriculture, he helped formulate farm policy and other New Deal economic reforms (1933–36). He chaired the New York City Planning Commission (1938–41), served as governor of Puerto Rico (1941–46), and taught at the University of Chicago (1946–57).

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(born July 10, 1891, Sinclairville, N.Y., U.S.—died July 21, 1979, Santa Barbara, Calif.) U.S. economist. He joined the economics faculty of Columbia University in 1920, and in 1932 he became a member of the Brain Trust that advised Franklin D. Roosevelt. Appointed undersecretary of agriculture, he helped formulate farm policy and other New Deal economic reforms (1933–36). He chaired the New York City Planning Commission (1938–41), served as governor of Puerto Rico (1941–46), and taught at the University of Chicago (1946–57).

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(born Dec. 31, 1905, Flers-de-l'Orne, France—died Oct. 3, 1975, Paris) French politician. An English teacher in Arras, he joined the Socialist Party in 1921 and became head of the socialist teachers' union in 1939. After serving in World War II, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies and became secretary-general of the Socialist Party (1946–69). With Pierre Mendès-France, he led the Republican Front to victory and became premier (1956–57). Failures in dealing with the Algerian rebellion and the Suez Crisis led to the government's defeat, but Mollet continued to serve as a deputy and as mayor of Arras.

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(born Aug. 5, 1850, Château de Miromesnil?, near Dieppe, France—died July 6, 1893, Paris) French writer of short stories. His law studies were interrupted by the Franco-Prussian War; his experience as a volunteer provided him with material for some of his best works. Later, as a civil-service employee, he became a protégé of Gustave Flaubert. He first gained attention with “Boule de Suif” (1880; “Ball of Fat”), probably his finest story. In the next 10 years he published some 300 short stories, six novels, and three travel books. Taken together, his stories present a broad, naturalistic picture of French life from 1870 to 1890. His subjects include war, the Norman peasantry, the bureaucracy, life on the banks of the Seine, the emotional problems of the different classes, and, ominously, hallucination. Maupassant was phenomenally promiscuous, and before he was 25 years old his health was being eroded by syphilis. He attempted suicide in 1892 and was committed to an asylum, where he died at age 42. He is generally considered France's greatest master of the short story.

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(born Dec. 31, 1905, Flers-de-l'Orne, France—died Oct. 3, 1975, Paris) French politician. An English teacher in Arras, he joined the Socialist Party in 1921 and became head of the socialist teachers' union in 1939. After serving in World War II, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies and became secretary-general of the Socialist Party (1946–69). With Pierre Mendès-France, he led the Republican Front to victory and became premier (1956–57). Failures in dealing with the Algerian rebellion and the Suez Crisis led to the government's defeat, but Mollet continued to serve as a deputy and as mayor of Arras.

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(born 1570, York, Eng.—died Jan. 31, 1606, London) British conspirator. A convert to Roman Catholicism and a religious zealot, Fawkes joined the Spanish army in the Netherlands in 1593 and became noted for his military skill. In 1604 he returned to England and joined a group of Catholic zealots intent on blowing up the Parliament building. When details of this Gunpowder Plot were discovered—Fawkes had planted and camouflaged at least 20 barrels of gunpowder in a cellar under the Parliament building—Fawkes was arrested on Nov. 4, 1605. After being tortured to reveal the names of his accomplices, he was tried and executed opposite the Parliament building. England celebrates Guy Fawkes Day on November 5 with fireworks, masked children begging “a penny for the guy,” and the burning of Fawkes in effigy.

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(born 1570, York, Eng.—died Jan. 31, 1606, London) British conspirator. A convert to Roman Catholicism and a religious zealot, Fawkes joined the Spanish army in the Netherlands in 1593 and became noted for his military skill. In 1604 he returned to England and joined a group of Catholic zealots intent on blowing up the Parliament building. When details of this Gunpowder Plot were discovered—Fawkes had planted and camouflaged at least 20 barrels of gunpowder in a cellar under the Parliament building—Fawkes was arrested on Nov. 4, 1605. After being tortured to reveal the names of his accomplices, he was tried and executed opposite the Parliament building. England celebrates Guy Fawkes Day on November 5 with fireworks, masked children begging “a penny for the guy,” and the burning of Fawkes in effigy.

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Guy is a town in Faulkner County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 202 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Little Rock–North Little Rock–Conway Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography

Guy is located at (35.324584, -92.334935).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.4 km² (0.9 mi²), all land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 579 people, 84 households, and 65 families residing in the town. The population density was 84.8/km² (219.4/mi²). There were 92 housing units at an average density of 38.6/km² (99.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the town was 96.04% White, 0.50% Black or African American, and 3.47% from two or more races.

There were 84 households out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.5% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.74.

In the town the population was spread out with 20.8% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 26.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 83.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $35,625, and the median income for a family was $38,977. Males had a median income of $26,875 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,732. About 10.2% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.2% of those under the age of eighteen and 7.1% of those sixty five or over.

Education

The area is served by the Guy-Perkins School District.

References

External links