Gautier, Émile Félix, 1864-1940, French geographer, an authority on Algiers, the Sahara, and the French African possessions. He explored W Madagascar (1892-94) and traversed the Sahara in various directions. His books include Madagascar (1902), Le Sahara (1923: tr. Sahara, the Great Desert, 1935), Un Siècle de colonisation (1930), and L'Afrique blanche (1939).

Gautier, Théophile, 1811-72, French poet, novelist, and critic. He was a leading exponent of art for art's sake—the belief that formal, aesthetic beauty is the sole purpose of a work of art. An important manifesto of this theory appeared in the preface of his novel Mademoiselle de Maupin (1835). Gautier was a painter before he turned to writing. His theory of plasticity, that words should be used as the painter and sculptor use their tools, is illustrated in his volumes of poems Voyage en Espagne (1845) and Emaux et camées [enamels and cameos] (1852). His other works include the poem La Comédie de la mort (1838), the novel Le Capitaine Fracasse (1863), and L'Histoire de l'art dramatique en France (1858-59). He prepared the way for the Parnassians and symbolists in their reaction against romanticism.

His daughter, Judith Gautier, 1850-1918, was married to the poet Catulle Mendès and then to Pierre Loti, with whom she wrote the novel La Fille du ciel (1911; tr. The Daughter of Heaven, 1912). Her novels, poems, and essays were usually on Asian subjects. She was the first woman to become a member of the Goncourt Academy.

Gautier is a city along the Gulf of Mexico, west of Pascagoula, in Jackson County, Mississippi, United States. It is part of the Pascagoula, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 11,681 at the 2000 census. Locally, the name is pronounced as "GO-shay." Descendants of the Gautier family, for whom it was named, still live in the area.

Geography

Gautier is located at (30.381536, -88.644169), along Mississippi Sound of the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of the West Pascagoula River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.9 square miles (33.5 km²), of which, 12.2 square miles (31.7 km²) of it is land and 0.7 square miles (1.7 km²) of it (5.19%) is water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 11,681 people, 4,260 households, and 3,233 families residing in the city. The population density was 954.2 people per square mile (368.5/km²). There were 4,597 housing units at an average density of 375.5/sq mi (145.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 68.19% White, 27.65% African American, 0.51% Native American, 1.28% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.90% from other races, and 1.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.19% of the population.

There were 4,260 households out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 17.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 19.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the city the population was spread out with 28.4% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $41,244, and the median income for a family was $46,835. Males had a median income of $33,474 versus $21,622 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,525. About 15.1% of families and 17.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.4% of those under age 18 and 13.6% of those age 65 or over.

History

The gracious homestead that Fernando Upton Gautier (1822-1891) established in 1867, at the mouth of the Pascagoula River Basin still stands, a hallmark of the city that now bears his name. Fernando Upton Gautier established a lucrative sawmill business in the area, and the town grew up from it. The home known by locals as "The Old Place" is still owned by the descendants of Theresa Fayard Gautier (1828-1911) and Fernando Upton Gautier and is currently being used for private and public events. Other historic homes of Gautier include that of Josie Gautier and the current Portas homestead, both Gulf Coastal cottage style homes from the 1890s.

The roots and pride of the citizens of Gautier are as deep as the stately live oaks that line more than 70 miles (110 km) of waterfront in this unique city on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. From Gulf of Mexico breezes to the twists and turns of the inland bayous, the natural beauty and quality of life in Gautier beckon modern day "settlers" to enjoy the serenity and amenities Gautier has to offer.

Education

The City of Gautier is served by the Pascagoula School District. The main secondary school in Gautier is Gautier High School.

Hurricane Katrina

On August 29, 2005 Gautier was one of the many cities affected by Hurricane Katrina. Many of the coastal homes were either destroyed or flooded. Some of the houses along the coast were built on hills, leaving them with wind damage only. Homes built on the water were completely destroyed, occasionally leaving an intact slab. In a few cases the slabs were cracked in half. One home in particular was built on pylons 13 feet (4 m) above sea level and had the floor ripped out from underneath. Most of northern Gautier, above the railroad tracks, had some wind damage but largely remains intact. Gautier did not receive any damage from Hurricane Camille in 1969, so the damage from Hurricane Katrina demonstrates how much larger this storm was. Despite the damages caused by Hurricane Katrina, the historic home of Fernando Upton Gautier remains intact and open for business.

References

External links

• Gautier official website
• Gautier Pride community website