The town is tucked by the Sierra Madre Mountains. It lies 171 kilometers northeast of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Tagalogs predominate this town. It is bounded by Bongabon on the north, Laur on the west, General Tinio on the south, and Dingalan by the east. There is only one road passing through this town. The road up to barangay Sawmill is concreted but the remaining two barangay before Dingalan town is not.
It was created by virtue of Republic Act 496 from its mother town of Laur. Through Republic Act 1318, its name was changed from Sabani to Gabaldon.
Gabaldon is politically subdivided into 16 barangays.
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In December 2004, the town was devastated by the tropical storms Violeta, Winnie, and Yoyong, leaving many dead as the three typhoons make its way through Luzon island.