Other equivalent classifications are:
UIC classification: 1C+C1 (also known as German classification and Italian classification)
French classification: 130+031
Turkish classification: 34+34
Swiss classification: 3/4+3/4
This was the second Garratt type to appear after the 0-4-0+0-4-0, and was first used on the fourth through ninth Garratts constructed; these were a group of six locomotives of gauge constructed for the Western Australian Government Railways in 1911 as their Class M. Further locomotives for the railway included seven of Class Ms in 1912.