Forward Observation Officer

Canadian Forces Land Force Command

Land Force Command (LFC) is responsible for army operations within the Canadian Forces. The current size of the Canadian Army is 19,500 regular soldiers and 16,000 reserve soldiers, for a total of around 35,500 soldiers.

LFC maintains regular forces units at bases across Canada and is also responsible for the largest component of the Primary Reserve, the Army Reserve, which is often referred to informally by its historic name, the "militia". The Chief of Land Staff is Lieutenant-General Andrew Leslie.

LFC is the descendant of the Canadian Army which was the name of Canada's land forces from 1940 until February 1, 1968. At the time of unification all army units were placed under Mobile Command (MC), later changed to Force Mobile Command (FMC) in 1975 when tactical air units were assigned to newly-created Air Command. The name was changed from FMC to Land Force Command in a 1997 reorganization of the Canadian Forces.

History

Following unification of the three armed services in 1968, Mobile Command became in effect the "Canadian Army" though the term "army" did not find favour until the 1980s when it became once again unofficially used to refer to Canada's land forces, both Regular and Reserve. The early organization of Mobile Command included tactical ground attack fixed and rotary wing aircraft, in addition to ground forces, and was akin to the integrated warfare approach of the United States Marine Corps. In a 1975 reorganization of the Canadian Forces, Air Command was created and all air assets were reassigned to that organization. Mobile Command was renamed Force Mobile Command and became an exclusive ground force. In 1997, Force Mobile Command was officially redesignated Land Force Command of the Canadian Forces.

Army bases and training centres

CFB Edmonton, Alberta (1 CMBG, CTR Wainwright)
CFB Suffield, Alberta
CFB-TC Shilo, Manitoba
LFWA TC Wainwright, Alberta
CFB Kingston, Ontario
CFB Borden, Ontario
CFB Petawawa, Ontario (2 CMBG)
LFCATC Meaford, Ontario
CFB Montreal, Quebec
CFB Valcartier, Quebec (5 CMBG)
CFB Gagetown, New Brunswick (CTC)
LFAATC Det Aldershot, Kentville Nova Scotia
CFB Trenton, Ontario, Canadian Forces Land Advanced Warfare Centre (formerly CPC)
Four Mile Point Live Firing Range - Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario
Connaught Range and Primary Training Center

Regiments

See:List of units of the Canadian Army

Canadian infantry and armoured regimental traditions are strongly rooted in the traditions and history of the British Army. Many regiments were patterned after regiments of the British Army, and a system of official "alliances", or affiliations, was created to perpetuate a sense of shared history. Other regiments developed independently, resulting in a mixture of both colourful and historically familiar names. Other traditions such as Battle Honours and Colours have been maintained by Canadian regiments as well. Approximately two thirds of the Regular Force is composed of anglophone units, while one third is francophone.

Regular Force

See:List of units of the Canadian Army

Armoured

Regular Force units include:

Artillery

Canada's regular field artillery has traditionally been called the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery. Canada currently has four Regular Force regiments:

1st Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery
2nd Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery
5^e Régiment d'artillerie légère du Canada
4th Air Defence Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery

Combat engineers

Infantry

Regular Force infantry regiments and battalions of the Canadian Army are:

The Royal Canadian Regiment

1st Battalion (CFB Petawawa) - Mechanized Infantry
2nd Battalion (CFB Gagetown) - Mechanized Infantry
3rd Battalion (CFB Petawawa) - Light Infantry + Parachute Company

Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry

1st Battalion (CFB Edmonton) - Mechanized Infantry
2nd Battalion (CFB Shilo) - Mechanized Infantry
3rd Battalion (CFB Edmonton) - Light Infantry + Parachute Company

Royal 22^e Régiment

1^er Bataillon (CFB Valcartier) - Mechanized Infantry
2^e Bataillon (Quebec City) - Mechanized Infantry
3^e Bataillon (CFB Valcartier) - Light Infantry + Parachute Company

Between 1953 and 1971, the regular Canadian infantry consisted of seven regiments, each of two battalions (except the Royal 22^e Régiment, which had three, and the Canadian Airborne Regiment, which was divided into three "commandos"). The three present regular infantry regiments were augmented by three further regiments each of two battalions:

After 1971, the regular force battalions of the QOR and the Black Watch were dissolved (their Militia battalions remained in Toronto and Montreal, respectively) with their personnel distributed between the RCR and PPCLI, while the Canadian Guards were disbanded. The Canadian Airborne Regiment was disbanded in 1995.

Reserve Force

See:List of units of the Canadian Army

Structure

Commanders, Mobile Command

Lieutenant-General (later General) Jean Victor Allard 1965-1966
Lieutenant General J.J. Paradis August 1977-1980/1984
Lieutenant-General Charles H. Belzile 1980/1984-
Lieutenant-General James A. Fox July, 1986-1989

Chiefs of Land Staff

Lieutenant-General (later General) Rick Hillier 2003-2005
Lieutenant General Marc Caron 2005-2006
Lieutenant General Andrew Leslie 2006-present

Equipment

Vehicles

Model	Type	Number	Dates	Builder	Details
MILCOTS (Milverado) 2500HD - 2003 Silverado Basic model 861 (GM K25943HD)	light pickup truck - classified as utility vehicle wheeled	1,061	2003-2004	Chevrolet,	replacing the Bombardier Iltis jeeps in non combat use in Canada
G-Wagen 4 × 4	light Armoured fighting vehicle	1,159	2003-2004	Mercedes-Benz, Germany	replaced the Iltis light trucks in Afghanistan
Mamba/Nyala	landmine-resistant 4×4 armoured personnel carrier	75	2006	BAE Systems Land Systems, United Kingdom/South Africa	deployment in Afghanistan
MLVW	medium logistic vehicle, wheeled	2,769	1982	General Motors Corporation/Bombardier, United States/Canada	based on M35/M36 series trucks; procured new trucks to replace them - Oshkosh Truck Corporation MTVR truck
LSVW	light support vehicle, wheeled	2,879	1993-1997	Western Star, Kelowna, British Columbia	based on Iveco model 40.10
HLVW	heavy lift vehicle	1,212	1992	Urban Transportation Development Corporation, Canada	based on Austria's Steyr Percheron truck chassis
ROWPU	reverse-osmosis water purification unit	40	1990s	Zenon Environmental Inc, Canada
Cougar AVGP	6 × 6 Armoured fighting vehicle (general purpose)	195	1976	General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division, United States	Armoured fire support variant armed with 76-mm gun; being retired from reserve units and replaced with G-Wagon
Grizzly AVGP	armoured personnel carrier	274	1976	General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division, /	Life-extended & relegated to support roles after 2000; 100 loaned to African Union troops in Sudan.
Husky AVGP	armoured recovery	27	1976	General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division, /	5 loaned to African Union troops in Sudan.
Lynx reconnaissance vehicle	armoured reconnaissance vehicle	174	1968–1993	FMC	replaced by Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle
Kodiak	armoured personnel carrier	+100	N/A
Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle (8×8)	armoured reconnaissance vehicle	203	1996	General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division, /	replaced the Lynx reconnaissance vehicle
Bison (8×8)	armoured personnel carrier	199	1990	General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division, /	TRILS (Tactical Radar Identification and Location System) uses Bison chassis; 74 as Ambulances 60 Mortar vehicles, 35 Recovery vehicles, 16 Mobile Repair Team vehicles, 14 Electronic Warfare vehicles (AERIES)
M113A3/MTVL	tracked armoured personnel carrier	1,143	1960s-1991; 2001-2006	FMC,	289 of original 1,143 M113's delivered mid-1960s to early 1990s upgraded to A3/MTVL; remainder declared surplus; used Taurus ARV tank tow vehicle
LAV III	8 × 8 light Armoured fighting vehicle	651	1999	General Motors Diesel Division,	313 LAV Infantry Section Carriers, 181 LAV Command Post variants, 33 LAV TOW Under Armour (TUA) variants (Turret equipped with 2 TOW launchers), 47 LAV Forward Observation Officer (FOO) variants, 44 LAV Engineer variants, 33 Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle (MMEV)
ADATS	air-defence, antitank system	34	1989	Rheinmetall Defence (formerly Oerlikon Contraves),	on M113 Armored Personnel Carrier platform
Leopard C2	main battle tank	66	1978–	Krauss-Maffei/ Rheinmetall Defence,	114 Leopard C1 tanks were upgraded to Leopard C2 in 2000–2001; deployment in Afghanistan
Leopard 2A6M	main battle tank	20 (40)	2007–	Krauss-Maffei/ Rheinmetall Defence,	A squadron of 20 Leopard 2A6M tanks "for deployed operations" were borrowed from the German Bundeswehr for use in Afghanistan for interim use (starting August 2007) until they are replaced by 40 to be purchased from the Netherlands.
Leopard 2A4	main battle tank	100	2007–	Krauss-Maffei/ Rheinmetall Defence,	100 Leopard 2A4 tanks "for collective and individual training" are planned to be purchased from the Netherlands in the summer of 2007.
ARV 3 M Buffalo "Büffel"	key support vehicles	2 (8)	2007–	Rheinmetall Defence,	2 Leopard 2-based ARVs were purchased from Germany and delivered to Afghanistan in August 2007. Another 6 Leopard 2 are to be converted from the purchased Leopard 2A4's into support variants (armoured recovery vehicles, armoured bridge-laying vehicles and armoured engineering vehicles) are planned.
AEV Badger "Dachs"	armoured engineering vehicle	9	1990	Rheinmetall Defence (formerly MAK),	uses Leopard 1 chassis; armed with 7.62-mm machine gun (coax) C6 – 7.62-mm machine gun (external mount) 76-mm grenade launcher
AVLB Beaver "Biber"	armoured bridge-laying vehicle	9	1978–	Rheinmetall Defence (formerly MAK),	uses Leopard 1 chassis
ARV Taurus	armoured recovery vehicle	16	1978-	Rheinmetall Defence (formerly MAK),	uses Leopard 1 chassis
M109	self-propelled howitzer	76	1960s-1980s	United Defense Limited Partnership,	Retired mid-2000s -
Bv206	tracked vehicle	78	1983	BAE Systems Hägglunds - Haaglunds, Sweden
CH-146 Griffon	tactical utility helicopter	100	1995-1997	Bell Helicopter Textron, Uni/
M151A2	light truck	935	1974-1975	A.M. General Corp,	replaced by the Volkswagen Iltis truck in 1984
KMK 2025	crane	N/A	N/A	Krupp,
Solar 220LC-III	Tracked [[Excavator]	N/A	N/A	Daewoo,
TRILS	Tactical Radar Identification and Location System	4	1997	General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division, /	based on Bison (8×8)
M109A4	Self Propelled Howitzer	76	N/A	Bowen McLaughlin-York,	all retired
Galion 850 series	Road grader	N/A	N/A	Galion, Ohio,
JSFU	Mine clearing system	1?	2000	Aardvark, United Kingdom	deployment in Afghanistan
M-Gator ATV	transport and support	N/A	N/A	Deere & Company,	deployment in Afghanistan
Cougar (vehicle) H	armoured fighting vehicle	6	2007-	Force Protection Inc, United States	deployment in Afghanistan
Buffalo (mine protected vehicle) H	mine removal system	5	2007-	Force Protection Inc, /	deployment in Afghanistan
Husky	mine removal system	5	2007-	DCD Dorbyl,	deployment in Afghanistan; 1 damaged by mine
Actros Armoured Heavy Support Vehicle Systems (AHSVS)	8 x8 armoured heavy support vehicle	86; option for additional 26	2008-?	Mercedes-Benz,	deployment in Afghanistan 2008
DAF XF95 Tropco Tractor	HET Tractor	1-2?	2007	DAF Trucks	leased from Dutch Army
Broshuis HET	Heavy Equipment Trailer	1-2?	2007	Broshuis BV	leased from Dutch Army in Afghanistan

Weapons

Model/Type	Number	Dates	Manufacturer	Details
C9 machine-gun	N/A	N/A	FN MINIMI,
C7A1 rifle/C8A1 carbine/C-7A2 rifle	N/A	N/A	Diemaco/Colt Canada,
C6 machine-gun	N/A	N/A	FN MAG,
Browning .50 calibre heavy machine-gun	N/A	N/A	John M. Browning,
Browning-HP 9 mm pistol	N/A	1944	John M. Browning,
Long Range Sniper Weapon (LRSW)	N/A	2000	McMillan Brothers,
C3A1 sniper rifle	N/A	N/A	Parker Hale,	being phased out and replaced with the C14 sniper rifle
C14 Timberwolf .338 Lapua sniper rifle	N/A	2005	PGW Defence Technologies Inc.,	Just entering service as the standard sniper rifle of the Canadian Forces
C13 fragmentation grenade	N/A	N/A
M203A1 grenade launcher	N/A	N/A
TOW anti-tank missile	N/A	N/A
M3 Carl Gustav 84mm SRAAW(M) anti-armour platoon gun	N/A	N/A	Bofors,
M72 anti-tank weapon	N/A	N/A	Nammo,
81 mm mortar	N/A	N/A
60 mm mortar	N/A	N/A
ERYX short-range anti-armour weapon (heavy)	435	1994	MBDA,
Javelin short-range air defence missile	110	N/A
LG1 Mark II 105 mm towed howitzer	28	1997	Giat Industries,
M777 lightweight 155mm howitzer	6	2008	British Vickers,
XM982 Excalibur 155mm guided artillery shell	N/A	2008	Raytheon/BAE Systems Bofors,
Skyguard / 35 mm twin-gun low-level air defence	20	1950-1970	Oerlikon,
C1 close support howitzer	N/A	N/A
C3 close support howitzer	N/A	N/A
P225, 226 pistol	N/A	N/A	SIGARMS,
Remington 870 shotgun c. 1950	N/A	N/A	Remington Arms,

Other equipment

Model/Type	Number	Dates	Manufacturer	Details
CG634 Helmet	N/A	1997	CGF Gallet,	replaced M1 Helmet
CADPAT (Canadian Disruptive Pattern) - Arid Regions uniform	N/A	2002
CADPAT (Canadian Disruptive Pattern) - Temperate Woodland uniform	N/A	2002
Improved Landmine Detection System (ILDS)	N/A	2000s	N/A
Ferret Anti Sniper System	13	2005	MacDonald Dettwiler Corp Richmond, BC	a microphone system mounted on the Coyote APC
QuikClot	N/A	2007		chemical clotting agent to help clot wounds
hypertonic fluid	N/A	2007	Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC),	concentrated blood clotting agent
Xaver 800	N/A	2007	Camero Incorporated of Vienna, Virigina	microwave radar system - uses radio waves and converter to capture images
Medium Floating Bridge (MFB)	N/A	N/A	N/A	floating bridge
Medium Girder Bridge {MGB}	N/A	N/A	N/A	light modular bridge
Minelab F1A4	N/A	N/A	N/A	hand held mine detector
NODLR	N/A	N/A	N/A	night vision camera
Track Way	N/A	N/A	N/A	portable road for soft ground conditions
E-One Cyclone	N/A	N/A	N/A	fire pumper
Oshkosk	N/A	N/A	N/A	airport fire tender

Historic equipment (World War II)

Trucks

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Willys Jeep
Morris C8
AEC Matador
Diamond T	4-Ton lorry
Ford F-8		Ford Motor Company of Canada
Ford F-15		Ford Motor Company of Canada
Ford F-30		Ford Motor Company of Canada
Ford F-60S, F-60L, F-60H, F-60T		Ford Motor Company of Canada
Ford F-GT		Ford Motor Company of Canada
General Motors Canada (CHEVROLET) C-8, C-8A		General Motors of Canada
General Motors Canada (CHEVROLET) C-15, C-15A		General Motors of Canada
General Motors Canada (CHEVROLET) C15TA Armoured Truck		General Motors of Canada
General Motors Canada (CHEVROLET) C-30, C-60S, C-60L, C-60X		General Motors of Canada
General Motors Canada (CHEVROLET) C-GT		General Motors of Canada
General Motors Canada (CHEVROLET)	Field Artillery Tractor	General Motors of Canada
Daimler Dingo		Daimler Motor Company
Daimler Mk. I Armoured Car		Daimler Motor Company
Humber Mk. I Scout Car		Humber
Humber Mk. IV Armoured Car		Humber
M3 Scout Car		White Motor Company
Otter Light Reconnaissance Car		General Motors Canada
Staghound Armoured Car		General Motors Canada
Fox Armoured Car		Ford Motor Company of Canada
Otter Light Reconnaissance Car		General Motors of Canada
Lynx Scout Car		Daimler Motor Company
M5 Reconnaissance Vehicle		(A turretless variant of the M5 light tank)

Armoured carriers and armoured tractors

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Kangaroo (armoured personnel carrier)		Vickers or White Motor Company //
M7 Priest Kangaroo (Converted from M7 Priest SP howitzer)		Rock Island Arsenal, Detroit Tank Arsenal, American Locomotive Company
Ram Kangaroo (Converted from Ram I and II tanks)		Montreal Locomotive Works and American Locomotive Company /
Sherman Kangaroo (Converted from Sherman tanks)		Wright Corporation (Designer)
Loyd Carrier		Carden-Loyd Tractors Limited and Vickers-Armstron
Universal Carrier		Vickers
Wasp - A Universal Carrier with flame-thrower equipment		Vickers
T-16 Carrier		Vickers
Windsor Carrier		Vickers
M3A1 Half-track		Rock Island Arsenal, Detroit Tank Arsenal, American Locomotive Company
Truck,15-cwt, Half-track		International Harvester
M5 Half-track		International Harvester
M9A1 Half-track		International Harvester
M14 Half-track		International Harvester

Tanks

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Stuart tank		Wright Corporation
Churchill infantry tank MkI-IV		Harlan-Wolff
Churchill Oke flame tank
Sherman Tank		/ Wright Corporation
Grizzly (Canadian built M4A1)
Sherman III (M4A2 with a 75 mm gun)		Wright Corporation
Sherman V (M4A4 with a 75 mm gun)		Wright Corporation
Sherman Ib (M4 with a 105 mm howitzer)		Wright Corporation
Sherman IC (Firefly) (M4 with a 17 pounder gun)		Wright Corporation
Sherman VC (Firefly) (M4A4 with a 17 pounder gun)		Wright Corporation
Sherman V Duplex Drive tank (M4A4 {75mm} with Duplex Drive system and flotation screen)		Wright Corporation
Sherman Badger flame tank		Wright Corporation
Ram Badger flame tank	Early WW2
M10 Wolverine tank destroyer	WW2
Achilles tank destroyers (M10 equipped with a 17 pounder gun)	WW2
Archer Tank Destroyer	WW2, Suez Crisis

Training tanks

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Carden Loyd Mk IV tankette
Light Tank Mk VIA
Six Ton Tank Model 1917
Ram tank I and II
Vickers Valentine Mark VI
Matilda II infantry tank
Lee/Grant

Self-propelled artillery

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
M3 75mm Gun Motor Carriage (M3 Half-track equipped with the M1A1 75 mm gun)
Sexton
M7 Priest
Centaur IV
Centaur, AA Mk II
Skink anti-aircraft tank

Engineering vehicles

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Ram ARV Mk I and II
Valentine Bridgelayer
M4A4 Sherman V Armoured Recovery vehicle

Artillery

Field artillery

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
QF 25 pounder
BL 4.5 inch Medium Field Gun
BL 5.5 inch Medium Gun
Land Mattress

Anti-tank guns

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Ordnance QF 6 pounder
Ordnance QF 17 pounder

Anti-aircraft guns

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Bofors 40 mm gun
QF 3.75 inch AA
Polsten-Oerlikon gun

Black powder rifles, carbines and pistols

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Charleville 1717
Charleville 1728
Charleville 1746
Fusil de Grenadier Tulle
Fusil de Chasse Tulle
Queen Ann Musket	1702-1714
William III Carbine
Nock Carbine	1780-1790s
Elliot Carbine	1770s
Brown Bess Long Land, Short Land, India Patterns
Lovells Pattern 1838 musket and Double Barrel Carbine
Pattern 1842 Musket
Pattern 1851 Rifle
Pattern 1853 Enfield
Lancaster Rifle
Baker rifle
Brunswick rifle

Service rifles and carbines

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Starr Carbine	US Civil War 1860s
Spencer rifle and carbine	US Civil War 1860s
Westley Richards Rifle
Peabody Rifle
Snider Enfield	1860s-1901
Martini Henry	1870s-end of WWI
Winchester rifle	1870s-end of WWI

.303 rifles

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Martini-Metford - 1894-?
Martini-Enfield
Lee-Metford - 1895-?
Lee-Enfield
Lee Enfield Mk I - 1896-1905
Lee Enfield (SMLE) Mark III - 1916-1943
Lee Enfield Number 4 Mk I - 1943-1955, Still in use with the Canadian Rangers
Ross rifle
Ross Mark I and Ross Mark II - 1905-1913
Ross Mark III - 1913-1916
FN C1 and FN C1A1 -1955-1985
C7, C7A1 and C7A2- 1985-present
C8 Carbine, C8A1 (Carbine version of the C7 issued to mostly to AFV crews), C8A2 - ? -present
C3A1 sniper rifle - 1970s-present
.338 Cal Medium Range Sniper Rifle - ? - present
12.7mm McMillan Tac-50 Sniper Rifle - ? - present

Service pistols

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Colt Model 1878 Revolver - 1885-1902
Colt "New Service" Revolver - 1900-1928 (also used by the NWMP and RCMP from 1905-1954)
Colt Model 1911 Pistol - 1914-1945
Smith & Wesson 2nd Model "Hand Ejector" Revolver - 1915-1951
Smith & Wesson "Military & Police" Revolver - 1939-1964
Inglis "High Power" Pistol - 1944-present (Canadian re-engineering of the Browning Hi-Power)
Browning Hi-Power - 1970-present
SIG-Sauer P225(Close Protection Teams, Military Police and Naval Boarding Parties) - 1991-present
SIG-Sauer P226 (JTF-2) - ?-present

Approved private purchase and secondary side-arms

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Webley Mark VI Revolver
Enfield No. 2 MkI Revolver
Colt Police Positive - 1941-present
Colt Model 1911A1 - 1942-1945

Submachine guns

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Thompson Submachine Gun - 1940-1945
Sten Gun - 1942-1958
C1 Submachine Gun - 1958-1988
Heckler & Koch MP5 JTF2 and naval boarding parties -

Machine guns, light machine guns and miscellaneous weapons

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Colt Machine Gun 1914-1916
Vickers Machine Gun 1914-1919
Lewis Machine Gun - 1916-1939
C5 General Purpose Machine Gun - 1939?-1980s
Bren Light Machine Gun - 1939-1955
Bangalore torpedo
FN C2 Light Machine Gun - 1955-1985
C6 General Purpose Machine Gun 1978-present
C9 Light Machine Gun - 1985-present
M2 Heavy Machine Gun - WWII-present
Remington 870 Tactical Shotgun -????-????
Flamethrower, Portable, No 2 "Ack-Pack"
Javelin surface-to-air missile

Infantry anti-tank weapons

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Boys Anti-Tank Rifle
PIAT-1943-1950s
3.5" Rocket Launcher (in Reserve Force inventory as late as 1977)
106mm recoilless rifle (in Reserve Force inventory as late as 1985)
Carl Gustav-1965-present
M72 SRAAW
TOW
ERYX		/

Grenades, mines and other explosives

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Mills bomb
No 68 AT Grenade
No 69 Bakelite Percussion Grenade
No 73 Grenade
No. 74 Sticky bomb
No. 75 AT Hawkins Mine
No. 82 Gammon
Clam Magnetic Mine
GS.MV Anti-tank Mine
GS.MkII Anti-tank Mine
M61 grenade
M67 grenade
V40 Mini Fragmentation Grenade

Infantry mortars

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
2 inch Mortar-WWII-????-???? (WWII)
3 inch Mortar-????-???? (WWII)
4.2 inch Mortar-????-???? (WWII)
60 mm M19 CAN Light Mortar - WWII-present
81 mm C3 Medium Mortar - 1967-present

Bayonets and combat knives

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Pattern 1888 Bayonet
Pattern 1907 Bayonet
Pattern 1913 Bayonet
Ross Bayonet
No. 4 Rifle Bayonets
Mk I Spike Bayonet
Mk II Spike Bayone
Mk III Spike Bayonet
No. 5 Mk II Knife Bayonet
No. 7 Knife Bayonet
No. 9 Socket Knife Bayonet
C1 Bayonet
Nella C7 Bayonet

Combat knives

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Fairbairn-Sykes fighting knife			Grohmann #3 CAF Knife	1967-present

Ammunition

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
.303 British
.455 Webley
7.62 × 51 mm NATO
5.56 x 45 mm NATO

Uniforms, load bearing and protective equipment

Uniforms

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Foreign Service Dress 1900-1903	1900-1903
Service Dress	1907-1940
Canadian Pattern and British Pattern		/
Khaki Drill	1900-1949
Battle Dress	1939-1967
Denison smock Used by the Airborne
Bush Dress	1950-1960	/
Combat Dress	1968-2002
CADPAT camouflage Combat Dress	2002-present

Load bearing equipment

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Oliver Pattern Equipment 1898-19??
1903 Pattern Bandolier Equipment
1937 Pattern Web Equipment
1942 Battle Jerkin
1951 Pattern Web Equipment
1964 Pattern Web Equipment
1982 Pattern Web Equipment
Tactical Vest (or just known as Tac Vest)	2003- Present

Head dress

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Wolseley" helmets
Glengarry
Tam o'shanter
Field Service Cap
Beret	19th Century-present
Brodie helmet	WWI
Kettle hat	WWII
M1 Helmet	1960s-1990s
Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops	early 1990s
SPECTRA helmet/Barrday Helmet CG634	1997-present
American DH-132A Crewman Helmet	1990s?

Protective equipment

Model/Type	Period or Years in Use	Manufacturer/Origins
Fragmentation Protection Vest

Rank structure

Comparison of ranking structure available at Ranks and insignia of NATO. Not shown are the various appointment badges for specialist positions such as master gunner, drum major, etc. Many ranks are associated with specific appointments; for example a regimental sergeant major is usually a chief warrant officer. The title of master corporal also, technically, refers to an appointment and not a rank. Some ranks may have different names depending on the customary tradition of certain army corps, and may not appear here.