Farrell

Farrell, Eileen, 1920-2002, American dramatic soprano, b. Willimantic, Conn. Farrell received her early musical training from her vaudvillian mother. Having begun singing on the radio, she made concert tours in the United States (1947-48) and South America (1949), and throughout her career sang pop, jazz, and blues as well as classical music. She first appeared in New York City in 1950 at Carnegie Hall; that season her 61 programs included the U.S. premiere of Milhaud's Les Choëphores. Engagements with the San Francisco Opera Company and the Lyric Opera of Chicago followed. In 1953 Farrell joined the Bach Aria Society in New York. She made her Metropolitan Opera debut in 1960 in the title role of Gluck's Alcestis. Farrell was especially celebrated for her performances in Medea, Ariadne auf Naxos, and La Gioconda. She sang at the Metropolitan until 1966, after which she taught and toured in concert. Her voice was noted for its enormous power and beauty of tone.

Farrell, James Thomas, 1904-79, American novelist, b. Chicago. In his fiction Farrell expressed anger against the brutal economic and social conditions that produce emotional and material poverty. His work, noted for the frankness of its language and its detailed realism, is in the tradition of naturalism. Farrell's first series of novels about life among the Irish Catholic population of Chicago's South Side was the Studs Lonigan trilogy: Young Lonigan (1932), The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan (1934), and Judgment Day (1935). Another of his series was the Danny O'Neill pentalogy: A World I Never Made (1936), No Star Is Lost (1938), Father and Son (1940), My Days of Anger (1943), and The Face of Time (1953). Farrell's other works include numerous collections of short stories; several volumes of essays, including Reflections at Fifty (1954); and innumerable novels, among them Ellen Rogers (1941), Boarding House Blues (1961), and The Dunne Family (1976).

Farrell, Suzanne, 1945-, American ballet dancer, b. Cincinnati, Ohio, as Roberta Sue Ficker. After studying in her hometown and at the School of American Ballet, she joined the New York City Ballet. Balanchine, recognizing the emotional depth of her performances, created several roles for her in Movements for Piano and Orchestra, Meditation (1963), and Don Quixote (1965). From 1970 to 1974 she was a member of Béjart's Ballet of the 20th Century. In 1974 she returned to the New York City Ballet, where she resumed her role as Balanchine's muse and danced in many of his works including Schumann's Davidsbundlertanze and Tizane as well as in Jerome Robbins's Concerto in G and others. Farrell became a teacher at the company after her retirement in 1989. Her strained relations with City Ballet's director, her former partner Peter Martins, ultimately ended in her dismissal in 1993. Since then she has taught Balanchine's ballets, technique, and philosophy to dance companies throughout the world. In 1999, Farrell formed a chamber troupe with the backing of the Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C., and she and her company have toured.

Farrell, city (1990 pop. 6,841), Mercer co., W central Pa., on the Shenango River at the Ohio line and adjoining Sharon, Pa.; inc. 1901. It is a railroad center, and its steel- and ironworks industries have declined.

orig. Roberta Sue Ficker

(born Aug. 16, 1945, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.) U.S. ballet dancer. She trained at the School of American Ballet and joined the New York City Ballet (NYCB) at age 16, becoming a soloist at age 18. George Balanchine created roles for her in ballets such as Meditation, Don Quixote, and Slaughter on Tenth Avenue. After several years as principal dancer with Maurice Béjart's Ballet of the 20th Century (1970–75), she returned to the NYCB in 1975 as principal dancer. There she continued to create leading roles until she retired in 1989 and joined the faculty of the School of American Ballet, on which she served until 1993. She later formed her own company, which carried on the Balanchine tradition.

Learn more about Farrell, Suzanne with a free trial on Britannica.com.

(born Feb. 27, 1904, Chicago, Ill., U.S.—died Aug. 22, 1979, New York, N.Y.) U.S. novelist and short-story writer. A native of Chicago and a graduate of the University of Chicago, he is known for his realistic portraits of the city's lower-middle-class Irish population, drawn from his own experiences. His well-known Studs Lonigan trilogy—Young Lonigan (1932), The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan (1934), and Judgment Day (1935)—traces the self-destruction of a spiritually crippled young man. He later planned a cycle of 25 novels, of which he completed 10. Of the 25 novels he published, The Face of Time (1953) is among the best. He also produced 17 short-story collections.

Learn more about Farrell, James T(homas) with a free trial on Britannica.com.

orig. Roberta Sue Ficker

(born Aug. 16, 1945, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.) U.S. ballet dancer. She trained at the School of American Ballet and joined the New York City Ballet (NYCB) at age 16, becoming a soloist at age 18. George Balanchine created roles for her in ballets such as Meditation, Don Quixote, and Slaughter on Tenth Avenue. After several years as principal dancer with Maurice Béjart's Ballet of the 20th Century (1970–75), she returned to the NYCB in 1975 as principal dancer. There she continued to create leading roles until she retired in 1989 and joined the faculty of the School of American Ballet, on which she served until 1993. She later formed her own company, which carried on the Balanchine tradition.

Learn more about Farrell, Suzanne with a free trial on Britannica.com.

(born Feb. 27, 1904, Chicago, Ill., U.S.—died Aug. 22, 1979, New York, N.Y.) U.S. novelist and short-story writer. A native of Chicago and a graduate of the University of Chicago, he is known for his realistic portraits of the city's lower-middle-class Irish population, drawn from his own experiences. His well-known Studs Lonigan trilogy—Young Lonigan (1932), The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan (1934), and Judgment Day (1935)—traces the self-destruction of a spiritually crippled young man. He later planned a cycle of 25 novels, of which he completed 10. Of the 25 novels he published, The Face of Time (1953) is among the best. He also produced 17 short-story collections.

Learn more about Farrell, James T(homas) with a free trial on Britannica.com.

Farrell is a city in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 6,050 at the 2000 census.

History

Once dubbed "The Magic City," Farrell sprung up practically overnight when a steel mill was constructed in 1901 on a plain bordering the Shenango River in what was then part of Hickory Township (now Hermitage).

The community was incorporated as the Borough of South Sharon in 1916; its population peaked at over 15,000 in 1920 and its status was elevated to a third-class city in 1932. At that time the residents of the new city elected to take the name of Farrell, after industrialist James A. Farrell.

The mill, which eventually became known as the Roemer Works of Sharon Steel Corporation, would serve as the community's lifeblood until 1992, when it was liquidated after filing bankruptcy. Many of the assets were sold at auction to Britain-based Caparo Corp. and later to Swiss steelmaker Duferco, which operates the plant today. Farrell was designated a financially distressed municipality in 1987 by the state of Pennsylvania.

Despite years of population and industrial decline, Farrell has made progress in rebuilding itself due to new industrial investments on tax abated land and several new housing starts.

Geography

Farrell is located at (41.211606, -80.494044).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.3 square miles (6.1 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 6,050 people, 2,504 households, and 1,620 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,589.1 people per square mile (998.3/km²). In 2004, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that Farrell's population had increased to 6,058 from 5,882 in 2002--the first positive population change occurring in decades.

There were 2,752 housing units at an average density of 1,177.7/sq mi (454.1/km²). The racial composition of the city was 50.28% White, 46.71% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 2.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.66% of the population.

There were 2,504 households out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.0% were married couples living together, 24.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.6% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 22.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 80.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $22,659, and the median income for a family was $28,935. Males had a median income of $32,800 versus $20,729 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,532. About 24.0% of families and 26.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 47.5% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

Community and Economy

The city also provides numerous incentives to entice new businesses to locate within its borders. Today, some of the major contributors to Farrell's business base include:

• Duferco Farrell Corp. (steel processing)
• Premier Hydraulics Inc. (hydraulic parts manufacturing)
• UPMC Horizon Hospital, Farrell Campus
• Sharon Custom Metal Forming (roll forming and welding)
• Precision Steel Services (roll forming)
• Sharon Packing Co. (food processing)
• Kalco Metals Inc. (specialty alloys)

References

External links

• Official Website of the City of Farrell