Dinah_Washington

Dinah Washington

Dinah Washington (August 29, 1924 – December 14, 1963) was a blues, R&B and jazz singer. Because of her strong voice and emotional singing, she is known as the Queen of the Blues. Despite dying at the early age of 39, Washington became one of the most influential vocalists of the twentieth century, credited among others as a major influence on Aretha Franklin. She is a 1986 inductee of the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame.

Early life

Washington was born Ruth Lee Jones in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Her family moved to Chicago while she was still a child. As a child in Chicago she played piano and directed her church choir. She later studied in Walter Dyett's renowned music program at DuSable High School. At 16 as Ruth Jones, she toured the United States' black gospel circuit with Roberta Martin accompanying her at the piano. There was a period when she both performed in clubs as Dinah Washington while singing and playing piano in Sallie Martin's gospel choir as Ruth Jones.

Her penetrating voice, excellent timing and crystal-clear enunciation added her own distinctive style to every piece she performed. While making extraordinary recordings in jazz, blues, R&B and light pop contexts, Washington refused to record gospel music despite her obvious talent in singing it. She believed it wrong to mix the secular and the spiritual, and after she had entered the non-religious professional music world she refused to include gospel in her repertoire. She began performing as a teenager in 1942 and soon joined Lionel Hampton's band. There is some dispute about the origin of her name. Some sources say the manager of the Garrick Stage Bar gave her the name Dinah Washington, while others say Hampton selected it.

Rise to fame

In 1943, she began recording for Keynote Records and released the 12-bar blues "Evil Gal Blues", her first hit. She then switched to her only other label, Chicago-based Mercury Records and from 1948 to 1955, she had numerous hits on the R&B charts, including "Am I Asking Too Much", "Baby, Get Lost," "Trouble in Mind", ""I Won't Cry Anymore", "TV is The Thing This Year", "Teach Me Tonight" and a cover of Hank Williams'"Cold, Cold Heart". In March 1957, she married tenor saxophonist Eddie Chamblee (formerly on tour with Lionel Hampton), who led the band behind her. In 1958 she made a well-received appearance at the Newport Jazz Festival.

With "What a Diff'rence a Day Makes" in 1959, Washington won a Grammy Award for Best Rhythm and Blues Performance. The song was her first top ten hit in the Pop charts, reaching #8 on the Billboard Hot 100, although most of her releases had reached the R & B Top Ten.

The commercially driven album of the same name, with its heavy reliance on strings and wordless choruses, was slammed by jazz and blues critics for being too commercial and for straying from her blues roots. Despite this, it was a huge success and from that point, Washington continued to favor more commercial, pop-oriented songs rather than traditional blues and jazz songs. Along with a string of other hits, she followed this with a new version of the 1952 hit for Nat 'King' Cole, "Unforgettable", which also sold well, reaching #17 Pop.

In 1960, she teamed up with another successful Mercury artist Brook Benton and the two had back-to-back top-10 hit duets with Brook Benton: "Baby (You've Got What It Takes)" (U.S. #5) and "A Rockin' Good Way (To Mess Around and Fall In Love)" (U.S. #7). Both hit the top spot on the R & B chart, "Baby" staying there for 10 weeks. Dinah scored a third R&B chart-topper the same year when her version of "This Bitter Earth" went all the way, also reaching #24 in the Hot 100. Her last major hit was "September In The Rain," which reached #23 in the USA, #35 in the UK, and #5 in the US R&B chart. In 1992, her 30 year-old version of Noel Coward's "Mad About The Boy" became a minor hit in the UK after being used in a TV commercial. These later recordings were supervised by Mercury's in-house producer in New York City, Clyde Otis who also produced Benton's long run of hits.

Dinah was well known for singing torch songs. Her rendition of the popular standard "Smoke Gets In Your Eyes" was well regarded; a 40-song box set of the same name was released in 1999.

Selective awards and recognitions

Grammy Award

Year	Category	Title	Genre

1959	Best Rhythm & Blues Performance	What a Diff'rence a Day Makes	R&B

Grammy Hall of Fame

Recordings by Dinah Washington were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, which is a special Grammy award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least twenty-five years old, and that have "qualitative or historical significance.

Year	Title	Genre	Label	Year Inducted

1959	Unforgettable	Pop (Single)	Mercury	2001
1954	Teach Me Tonight	R&B (Single)	Mercury	1999
1959	What a Diff'rence a Day Makes	Traditional Pop (Single)	Mercury	1998

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame

The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame listed a song of Dinah Washington as one of the 500 songs that shaped rock.

Year Recorded	Title	Genre

1948	Am I Asking Too Much?	R&B

Honors and Inductions

In 1993, the U.S. Post Office issues a Dinah Washington 29 cent commemorative postage stamp.

Year	Title	Result	Notes

1993	Rock and Roll Hall of Fame	Inducted	Early Influences
1984	Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame	Inducted

Queen of the Blues

Washington was married seven times in the U.S., with an eighth wedding performed in Stockholm, Sweden, and divorced six times while having several lovers, including Quincy Jones), her young arranger. Legend has it that she wore mink in all weathers and carried two .45-caliber pistols with her. Although she had a reputation as imperious and demanding, many found her loving, funny, generous and forgiving . Audiences sensed this remarkable combination of qualities and loved her. In London she once declared, "...there is only one heaven, one earth and one queen...Queen Elizabeth is an impostor"; the crowd loved it .

About six months after her marriage to football player Dick "Night Train" Lane, she died, aged 39, from an accidental overdose of prescription sleeping medication ingested on an empty stomach. Washington, who was 5'2" (1.58 m) tall and had fought weight problems for most of her life, was dieting to lose weight before a New Year's Eve party.

Legacies

In 2007, R&B platinum-selling singer Deborah Cox reinterpreted the classic songs of Dinah Washington on her fourth album Destination Moon.

A recent surge in popularity in 2008 can be credited to a promo being run by Doubletree Hotels which features "Relax Max", a catchy tune from The Swingin' Miss "D" album. Also in 2008, "Backwater Blues" and "A Rockin' Good Way (To Mess Around And Fall In Love)" were included on the Nights in Rodanthe Original Motion Picture Soundtrack.

Discography

Albums

1950: Dinah Washington Songs
1952: Blazing Ballads
1952: Dynamic Dinah
1953: After Hours with Miss "D"
1954: Jazz Sides
1954: Dinah Jams
1956: In the Land of Hi-Fi
1956: Dinah!
1956: The Swingin' Miss "D"
1957: Dinah Washington Sings Bessie Smith
1957: Dinah Washington Sings Fats Waller
1957: Music for a First Love
1957: Music for Late Hours
1958: Newport (1958)
1959: The Queen
1959: What a Diff'rence a Day Makes!
1960: Two of Us
1962: In Love
1962: Dinah '62
1963: Back to the Blues
1963: Dinah '63

Chart hits

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Year	Title	Chart Positions
Year	Title	US R&B	US Pop
1948	"Am I Asking too Much"	1
1949	"Baby Get Lost"	1
1955	"I Concentrate on You"	11
	"If It's the Last Thing I Do"	13
	"That's All I Want From You"	8
	"You Might Have Told Me"	14
1956	"I'm Lost Without You Tonight"	13
1956	"Soft Winds"	13
1958	"Make Me a Present of You"	27
1959	"What a Diff'rence a Day Makes"	4	8
1959	"Unforgettable"	15	17
1960	"Baby (You've Got What it Takes)" (w/ Brook Benton)	1	5
	""A Rockin' Good Way (To Mess Around and Fall in Love)" (w/ Brook Benton)	1	7
	"This Bitter Earth"	1	24
	Love Walked In"	16	30
1961	"September in the Rain"	5	23
1962	"Cold, Cold Heart"		96
	"Where Are You"		36
	"You're a Sweetheart"		98
	"You're Nobody 'Til Somebody Loves You"		87