September 30

Events

• 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.
• 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Kingdom of Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
• 1791 - The Magic Flute, the last opera composed by Mozart receives its premiere performance at Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna, Austria.
• 1791 - The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as incorruptible patriots.
• 1813 - Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.
• 1846 - First tooth extracted under anesthesia in Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1846
• 1860 - Britain's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
• 1882 - The world's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.
• 1888 - Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
• 1895 - Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.
• 1901 - Hubert Cecil Booth patents the vacuum cleaner.
• 1903 - The new Gresham's School is officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood.
• 1906 - Real Academia Galega, Galician language biggest linguistic authority starts working in Havana.
• 1927 - Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season
• 1931 - Start of "Die Voortrekkers" youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
• 1935 - The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
• 1938 - At 2:00 am, Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
• 1938 - The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
• 1939 - General Władysław Sikorski becomes commander-in-chief of the Polish Government in exile.
• 1945 - Bourne End rail crash, Hertfordshire, England killed 43
• 1947 - The Islamic Republic of Pakistan joins the United Nations.
• 1947 - The World Series, featuring the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.
• 1949 - The Berlin Airlift ends.
• 1954 - The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
• 1955 - Film icon James Dean dies in a road accident at age 24.
• 1962 - Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the United Farm Workers.
• 1962 - James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying segregation.
• 1965 - General Suharto rises to power after an alleged coup by the Communist Party of Indonesia. In response, Suharto and his army massacre over a million Indonesians suspected of being communists.
• 1966 - The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana. Seretse Khama takes office as the first President.
• 1967 - BBC Radio 1 is launched and Tony Blackburn presents its first show; the BBC's other national radio stations also adopt numeric names.
• 1970 - Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
• 1975 - The Hughes (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight.
• 1977 - Due to US budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program's ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.
• 1977 - Philippine political prisoners, Eugenio Lopez, Jr. and Sergio Osmeña III successfully escapes from Fort Bonifacio Maximum Security Prison in the Philippines.
• 1979 - The Hong Kong MTR commences service with the opening of its Modified Initial System (aka. Kwun Tong Line).
• 1980 - Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
• 1982 - Cyanide-laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven were killed in all. The incident is known as the Tylenol murders.
• 1986 - Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed details of Israel covert nuclear program to British media, was kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
• 1989 - Foreign Minister of West Germany Hans-Dietrich Genscher's speech from the balcony of the German embassy in Prague.
• 1990 - The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.
• 1991 - President Jean-Bertrand Aristide of Haiti is forced from office.
• 1993 - An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.
• 1999 - Japan's worst nuclear accident at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tōkai-mura, northeast of Tokyo.
• 2004 - The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat are taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.
• 2004 - The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat is retired.
• 2005 - The Parliament of Catalonia passes with 120 plus votes and 15 against, the Project of New Catalan Statute of Autonomy, proclaiming in its article 1, "Catalonia is a nation".
• 2005 - The controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.
• 2006 - the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia adopted the Constitutional Act that proclaimed the new Constitution of Serbia.

Births

• 1207 - Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273)
• 1227 - Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292)
• 1530 - Geronimo Mercuriali, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)
• 1550 - Michael Maestlin, German mathematician (d. 1631)
• 1631 - William Stoughton, American judge at the Salem witch trials (d. 1701)
• 1700 - Stanisław Konarski, Polish writer (d. 1773)
• 1710 - John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, British statesman (d. 1771)
• 1715 - Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher (d. 1780)
• 1732 - Jacques Necker, French finance minister of Louis XVI (d. 1804)
• 1765 - José María Morelos, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1815)
• 1800 - Decimus Burton, British architect (d. 1881)
• 1811 - Augusta of Saxe-Weimar, Queen of Prussia and German Empress (d. 1890)
• 1827 - Ellis H. Roberts, American politician (d. 1918)
• 1861 - William Wrigley Jr., American industrialist (Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company) (d. 1932)
• 1870 - Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1942)
• 1870 - Thomas W. Lamont, American banker; father of Corliss Lamont; great-grandfather of Ned Lamont (d. 1948)
• 1882 - Hans Geiger, German physicist (d. 1945)
• 1883 - Bernhard Rust, Nazi education minister (d. 1945)
• 1887 - Lil Dagover, Dutch-born German actress (d. 1980)
• 1893 - Lansdale Sasscer, American politician (d. 1964)
• 1895 - Lewis Milestone, Russian-born film director (d. 1980)
• 1898 - Renée Adorée, French actress (d. 1933)
• 1898 - Princess Charlotte of Monaco (d. 1977)
• 1904 - Waldo Williams, Welsh poet (d. 1971)
• 1905 - Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
• 1908 - David Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist (d. 1974)
• 1912 - Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985)
• 1913 - Bill Walsh, American film producer and writer (d. 1975)
• 1915 - Lester Maddox, American businessman, one-time segregationist and Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
• 1917 - Park Chunghee, President of South Korea (d. 1979)
• 1917 - Buddy Rich, American big band drummer (d. 1987)
• 1918 - Lewis Nixon, WWII Veteran (d. 1996)
• 1919 - Roberto Bonomi, Argentine racing driver (d. 1992)
• 1919 - Patricia Neway, American soprano
• 1920 - Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American musician and cellist
• 1921 - Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (d. 2007)
• 1922 - Alan Stretton, Australian general
• 1924 - Truman Capote, American author (d. 1984)
• 1926 - Robin Roberts, American baseball player
• 1927 - W. S. Merwin, American poet
• 1928 - Elie Wiesel, Romanian Holocaust survivor, author, and lecturer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1931 - Angie Dickinson, American actress
• 1932 - Shintaro Ishihara, Japanese author and politician (Governor of Tokyo)
• 1932 - Johnny Podres, American baseball player (d. 2008)
• 1933 - Cissy Houston, American gospel/r&b singer
• 1933 - Barbara Knox, English actress
• 1934 - Udo Jürgens, Austrian singer
• 1934 - Anna Kashfi, Welsh actress
• 1935 - Johnny Mathis, American singer
• 1935 - Z. Z. Hill, American blues singer (d. 1984)
• 1937 - Valentin Silvestrov, Ukrainian composer
• 1939 - Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1942 - Frankie Lymon, American singer (d. 1968)
• 1943 - Johann Deisenhofer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1943 - Marilyn McCoo, American singer (The Fifth Dimension)
• 1943 - Ian Ogilvy, British Actor
• 1944 - Diane Dufresne, French Canadian singer
• 1945 - Ehud Olmert, twelfth Prime Minister of Israel
• 1945 - Bob Lassiter, American radio personality
• 1946 - Paul Sheahan, Australian Test Cricketer 1967-1974
• 1946 - Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican singer (d. 1993)
• 1946 - Claude Vorilhon, founder of Raelism, a ufo religion
• 1947 - Marc Bolan, British musician (d. 1977)
• 1947 - Dave Arneson, American game designer
• 1947 - Rula Lenska,English Actress
• 1948 - Craig Kusick, former Major League Baseball Player
• 1950 - Renato Zero, Italian musician
• 1951 - Barry Marshall, Australian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1952 - Jack Wild, British actor (d. 2006)
• 1953 - Deborah Allen, American singer
• 1953 - S.M. Stirling, Canadian-born author
• 1954 - Basia Trzetrzelewska, Polish-born singer and songwriter
• 1954 - Barry Williams, American actor
• 1954 - Patrice Rushen, American musician
• 1957 - Fran Drescher, American actress
• 1958 - Marty Stuart, American musician
• 1959 - Ettore Messina, Italian basketball coach
• 1960 - Blanche Lincoln, American politician
• 1961 - Eric Stoltz, American actor
• 1961 - Crystal Bernard, American actress
• 1961 - Eric van de Poele, Belgian racing driver
• 1961 - Sally Yeh, Hong Kong singer and actress
• 1962 - Frank Rijkaard, Dutch football player and manager
• 1962 - Shaan, Indian singer
• 1964 - Monica Bellucci, Italian actress
• 1964 - Trey Anastasio, American musician (Phish)
• 1964 - Robby Takac, American singer and bassist (Goo Goo Dolls)
• 1965 - Kathleen Madigan, American comedian
• 1966 - Kerry G. Johnson, African American graphic designer and caricaturist
• 1969 - Chris Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1991)
• 1970 - Mark Smith, English body builder, former Gladiators player
• 1971 - Jenna Elfman, American actress
• 1972 - Ari Behn, Norwegian author
• 1972 - Jamal Anderson, American football player
• 1974 - Jeremy Giambi, American baseball player
• 1975 - Marion Cotillard, French actress
• 1975 - Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1977 - Maia Brewton, American actress
• 1977 - Roy Carroll, Northern Irish footballer
• 1977 - Sun Jihai, Chinese footballer
• 1978 - Candice Michelle, American female wrestler
• 1978 - Róbinson Zapata, Columbian footballer (goalkeeper)
• 1979 - Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
• 1979 - Clio-Danae Othoneou, Greek actress, musician and pianist
• 1979 - Vince Chong, Malaysian singer-songwriter
• 1980 - Camilla D’Errico, Canadian comic book artist and painter
• 1980 - Martina Hingis, Swiss tennis player
• 1981 - Dominique Moceanu, American gymnast
• 1981 - Brandon Watson, American baseball
• 1982 - Lacey Chabert, American actress
• 1982 - Kieran Culkin, American actor
• 1982 - Tory Lane, American nude model, exotic dancer, and pornographic actress
• 1982 - Michelle Marsh, British model
• 1982 - Teal Redmann, American actress
• 1982 - Ryan Stout, American comedian
• 1983 - Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
• 1983 - Adam Jones, American football player
• 1984 - T-Pain, American rapper/singer
• 1987 - Denise Laurel, Filipino actress and singer

Deaths

• 420 - Saint Jerome, translator of the Vulgate Bible
• 653 - Saint Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1101 - Anselm IV, Archbishop of Milan
• 1246 - Yaroslav II of Russia (b. 1191)
• 1440 - Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, English soldier and politician
• 1487 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
• 1551 - Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (b. 1507)
• 1560 - Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
• 1572 - St. Francis Borgia, Jesuit priest (b. 1510)
• 1581 - Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer (b. 1518)
• 1626 - Nurhaci, Manchurian chief (b. 1559)
• 1628 - Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet (b. 1554)
• 1770 - Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat
• 1770 - George Whitefield, English-born Methodist leader (b. 1714)
• 1772 - James Brindley, English engineer (b. 1716)
• 1865 - Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian-Jewish scholar (b. 1800)
• 1888 - Elizabeth Stride, widely believed to be the third victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1843)
• 1888 - Catherine Eddowes, widely believed to be the fourth victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1842)
• 1891 - Georges Boulanger, French general and politician (b. 1837)
• 1897 - St Therese of Lisieux, Roman Catholic saint and mystic (b. 1873)
• 1910 - Maurice Lévy, French engineer (b. 1838)
• 1913 - Rudolf Diesel, German inventor (b. 1858)
• 1942 - Hans-Joachim Marseille, German fighter pilot (b. 1919)
• 1943 - Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (b. 1864)
• 1955 - James Dean, American actor (automobile accident) (b. 1931)
• 1961 - Onésime Gagnon, French Canadian politician, lieutenant-governor of Québec (b. 1888)
• 1973 - Peter Pitseolak, Inuit photographer and author (b. 1902)
• 1974 - Carlos Prats, Chilean Constitutionalist General, assassinated in the frame of Operation Condor
• 1977 - Mary Ford, American singer (Les Paul and Mary Ford) (b. 1924)
• 1978 - Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
• 1985 - Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
• 1985 - Charles Richter, American seismologist (b. 1900)
• 1988 - Al Holbert, American race car driver and team owner (b. 1946)
• 1989 - Virgil Thompson, American composer (b. 1896)
• 1990 - Patrick White, Australian writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1912)
• 1990 - Alice Parizeau, Quebec writer and journalist (b. 1930)
• 1994 - Andre Michael Lwoff, French microbiologist, Nobel laureate (b. 1902)
• 1998 - Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player (b. 1953)
• 2002 - Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1913)
• 2002 - Göran Kropp, Swedish adventurer and mountaineer (b. 1966)
• 2003 - Robert Kardashian, Armenian-American lawyer (b. 1944)
• 2003 - Yusuf Bey, Black Muslim leader (b. 1935)
• 2004 - Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor (b. 1936)
• 2004 - Michael Relph, British film producer and director (b. 1915)
• 2008 - Joshua Benjamin Jeyaretnam, Singapore Opposition Leader & former Secretary-General of Singapore's Worker's Party (b. 1926)

Holidays and observances

• RC Saints - Saint Jerome
• Botswana - Independence Day (1966)
• São Tomé and Príncipe - Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day
• French Republican Calendar - Panais (Parsnip) Day, ninth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
• International Translation Day, introduced in 1991 by International Federation of Translators
• September 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Nietzschean New Year - In The Anti-Christ, Friederich Nietzsche declared September 30th, 1888 to be the "the day of salvation, on the first day of the Year One"

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada