Brazil has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with more than 500 described species and, probably, many yet to be discovered. According to the World Conservation Union sixty-six of these species are endangered species and 40% of the threatened taxa belong to the primate group.

Around twenty-nine percent of listed species are marine, 18% occur in the Atlantic Rain Forest, 13% in the Pampas, 12% in the cerrado, 11% in the Pantanal, 7% in the Amazon and 6% in the Caatinga.

Total Number of species listed: 589

Didelphimorphia

Didelphidae - Opossums

• Western Woolly Opossum - Caluromys lanatus
• Bare-tailed Woolly Opossum - Caluromys philander
• Black-shouldered Opossum - Caluromysiops irrupta
• Bushy-tailed Opossum - Glironia venusta
• Water Opossum - Chironectes minimus
• White-eared Opossum - Didelphis albiventris
• Big-eared Opossum - Didelphis aurita
• Guianan White-eared Opossum - Didelphis imperfecta
• Lutrine Opossum - Lutreolina crassicaudata
• Black Four-eyed Opossum - Philander andersoni
• Southeastern Four-eyed Opossum - Philander frenata
• Mcilhenny's Four-eyed Opossum - Philander mcilhennyi
• Gray Four-eyed Opossum - Philander opossum
• Agile Gracile Mouse Opossum - Gracilianus agilis
• Emilia's Gracile Mouse Opossum - Gracilianus emiliae
• Brazilian Gracile Mouse Opossum - Gracilianus microtarsus
• Little Rufous Mouse Opossum - Marmosa lepida
• Murine Mouse Opossum - Marmosa murina
• Andean Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops impavidus
• Gray Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops incanus
• Cerro Neblina Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops neblina
• White-bellied Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops noctivagus
• Delicate Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops parvidens
• Brazilian Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops paulensis
• Pinhero´s Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops pinheiroi
• Brown Four-eyed Opossum - Metachirus nudicaudatus
• Pale-bellied Woolly Mouse Opossum - Micoureus constantiae
• Long-furred Woolly Mouse Opossum - Micoureus demerarae
• Short-furred Woolly Mouse Opossum - Micoureus regina
• Three-striped Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis americana
• Red-legged Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis brevicaudata
• Southern Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis dimidiata
• Gray Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis domestica
• Emilia's Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis emiliae
• Ihering's Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis iheringi
• Pygmy Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis kunsi
• Marajó Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis maraxina
• Chestnut-striped Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis rubida
• Long-nosed Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis scalops
• Shrewish Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis sorex
• Theresa's Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis theresa
• Red Three-striped Opossum - Monodelphis umbristriata
• One-striped Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis unistriata
• Velvety Fat-tailed Opossum - Thylamys velutinus

Xenarthra

Bradypodidae - Three-toed Sloths

• Maned Three-toed Sloth - Bradypus torquatus
• Pale-throated Three-toed Sloth - Bradypus tridactylus
• Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth - Bradypus variegatus

Megalonychidae - Two-toed Sloth

• Southern Two-toed Sloth - Choloepus didactylus
• Hoffman's Two-toed Sloth - Choloepus hoffmanni

Dasypodidae - Armadillos

• Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo - Cabassous tatouay
• Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo - Cabassous unicinctus
• Southern Long-nosed Armadillo - Dasypus hybridus
• Great Long-nosed Armadillo - Dasypus kappleri
• Nine-banded Armadillo - Dasypus novemcinctus
• Seven-banded Armadillo - Dasypus septemcinctus
• Six-banded Armadillo - Euphractus sexcinctus
• Giant Armadillo - Priodontes maximus
• Southern Three-banded Armadillo - Tolypeutes matacus
• Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo - Tolypeutes tricinctus

Myrmecophagidae - Anteaters

• Silky Anteater - Cyclopes didactylus
• Giant Anteater - Myrmecophaga tridactyla
• Southern Tamandua - Tamandua tetradactyla

Chiroptera

Noctilionidae - Bulldog Bats

• Lesser Bulldog Bat - Noctilio albiventris
• Greater Bulldog Bat - Noctilio leporinus

Emballonuridae - Ghost Bats, Sac-winged Bats and Allies

• Shaggy Bat - Centronycteris maximiliani
• Short-eared Bat - Cyttarops alecto
• Northern Ghost Bat - Diclidurus albus
• Greater Ghost Bat - Diclidurus ingens
• Isabelle's Ghost Bat - Diclidurus isabellus
• Lesser Ghost Bat - Diclidurus scutatus
• Greater Dog-like Bat - Peropteryx kappleri
• White-winged Dog-like Bat - Peropteryx leucoptera
• Lesser Doglike Bat - Peropteryx macrotis
• Proboscis Bat - Rhynchonycteris naso
• Greater Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx bilineata
• Frosted Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx canescens
• Amazonian Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx gymnura
• Lesser Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx leptura

Mormoopidae - Mustached Bats

• Big Naked-backed Bat - Pteronotus gymnonotus
• Parnell's Mustached Bat - Pteronotus parnellii
• Wagner's Mustached Bat - Pteronotus personatus

Phyllostomidae - Leaf-nosed Bats

• Little White-shouldered Bat - Ametrida centurio
• Tailed Tailless Bat - Anoura caudifer
• Geoffroy's Tailless Bat - Anoura geoffroyi
• Brown Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus concolor
• Fringed Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus fimbriatus
• Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus jamaicensis
• Great Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus lituratus
• Dark Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus obscurus
• Silky Short-tailed Bat - Carollia brevicauda
• Chestnut Short-tailed Bat - Carollia castanea
• Seba's Short-tailed Bat - Carollia perspicillata
• Short-tailed Bat - Carollia sowelli
• Brazilian Big-eyed Bat - Chiroderma doriae
• Little Big-eyed Bat - Chiroderma trinitatum
• Hairy Big-eyed Bat - Chiroderma villosum
• Minor Long-nosed Long-tongued Bat - Choeroniscus minor
• Big-eared Wooly Bat - Chrotopterus auritus
• Andersen's Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura anderseni
• Gervais's Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura cinerea
• Silver Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura glauca
• Gnome Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura gnoma
• Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura phaeotis
• Vampire Bat - Desmodus rotundus
• White-winged Vampire Bat - Diaemus youngi
• Hairy-legged Vampire - Diphylla ecaudata
• Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat - Glossophaga commissarisi
• Miller's Long-tongued Bat - Glossophaga longirostris
• Pallas's Long-tongued Bat - Glossophaga soricina
• Tricolored Big-eared Bat - Glyphonycteris sylvestris
• Yellow-throated Big-eared Bat - Lampronycteris brachyotis
• Dark Long-tongued Bat - Lichonycteris obscura
• Chestnut Long-tongued Bat - Lionycteris spurrelli
• Bokermann's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla bokermanni
• Dekeyser's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla dekeyseri
• Godman's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla mordax
• Thomas's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla thomasi
• Tomes's Sword-nosed Bat - Lonchorhina aurita
• Northern Sword-nosed Bat - Lonchorhina inusitata
• Marinkelle's Sword-nosed Bat - Lonchorhina marinkellei
• Pygmy Round-eared Bat - Lophostoma brasiliense
• Carriker's Round-eared Bat - Lophostoma carrikeri
• White-throated Round-eared Bat - Lophostoma silvicolum
• Long-legged Bat - Macrophyllum macrophyllum
• MacConnell's Bat - Mesophylla macconnelli
• Behni's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris behnii
• Brosset's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris brosseti
• Hairy Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris hirsuta
• Matses' Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris matses
• Little Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris megalotis
• Common Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris microtis
• White-bellied Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris minuta
• Sanborn's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris sanborni
• Schmidts's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris schmidtorum
• Golden Bat - Mimon bennettii
• Striped Hairy-nosed Bat - Mimon crenulatum
• Least Big-eared Bat - Neonycteris pusilla
• Pale-faced Bat - Phylloderma stenops
• Pale Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus discolor
• Lesser Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus elongatus
• Greater Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus hastatus
• Guianan Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus latifolius
• Short-headed Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus brachycephalus
• Heller's Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus helleri
• Buffy Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus infuscus
• White-lined Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus lineatus
• Recife Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus recifinus
• Ipanema Bat - Pygoderma bilabiatum
• Fischer's Little Fruit Bat - Rhinophylla fischerae
• Dwarf Little Fruit Bat - Rhinophylla pumilio
• Ega Long-tongued Bat - Scleronycteris ega
• Visored Bat - Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum
• Little Yellow-shouldered Bat - Sturnira lilium
• Tilda's Yellow-shouldered Bat - Sturnira tildae
• Greater Round-eared Bat - Tonatia bidens
• Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat - Tonatia saurophila
• Fringe-lipped Bat - Trachops cirrhosus
• Niceforo's Big-eared Bat - Trinycteris nicefori
• Tent-making Bat - Uroderma bilobatum
• Brown Tent-making Bat - Uroderma magnirostrum
• Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyressa pusilla
• Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyressa thyone
• Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyriscus bidens
• Brock's Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyriscus brocki
• Great Stripe-faced Bat - Vampyrodes caraccioli
• Spectral Bat - Vampyrum spectrum

Natalidae - Funnel-eared Bats

• Mexican Funnel-eared Bat - Natalus stramineus

Furipteridae - Thumbless Bats

• Thumbless Bat - Furipterus horrens

Thyropteridae - Disc-winged Bats

• Peter's Disk-winged Bat - Thyroptera discifera
• Spix's Disk-winged Bat - Thyroptera tricolor

Vespertilionidae - Vesper Bats

• Brazilian Brown Bat - Eptesicus brasiliensis
• Diminutive Serotine - Eptesicus diminutus
• Argentine Brown Bat - Eptesicus furinalis
• Strange Big-eared Brown Bat - Histiotus alienus
• Tropical Big-eared Brown Bat - Histiotus velatus
• Western Red Bat - Lasiurus blossevillii
• Hoary bat - Lasiurus cinereus
• Hairy-tailed Bat - Lasiurus ebenus
• Southern Yellow Bat - Lasiurus ega
• Big Red Bat - Lasiurus egregius
• Silver-tipped Myotis - Myotis albescens
• Yellowish Myotis - Myotis levis
• Black Myotis - Myotis nigricans
• Riparian Myotis - Myotis riparius
• Red Myotis - Myotis ruber
• Velvety Myotis - Myotis simus
• Black-winged Little Yellow Bat - Rhogeessa tumida

Molossidae - Free-tailed Bats

• Cinnamon Dog-faced Bat - Cynomops abrasus
• Para Dog-faced Bat - Cynomops paranus
• Southern Dog-faced Bat - Cynomops planirostris
• Black Bonneted Bat - Eumops auripendulus
• Dwarf Bonneted Bat - Eumops bonariensis
• Wagner's Bonneted Bat - Eumops glaucinus
• Sanborn's Bonneted Bat - Eumops hansae
• Western Bonneted Bat - Eumops perotis
• Colombian Bonneted Bat - Eumops trumbulli
• Rufous Dog-faced Bat - Molossops neglectus
• Dwarf Dog-faced Bat - Molossops temminckii
• Bonda Mastiff Bat - Molossus bondae
• Velvety Free-tailed Bat - Molossus molossus
• Black Mastiff Bat - Molossus rufus
• Mato Grosso Dog-faced Bat - Neoplatymops mattogrossensis
• Peale's Free-tailed Bat - Nyctinomops aurispinosus
• Broad-eared Bat - Nyctinomops laticaudatus
• Big Free-tailed Bat - Nyctinomops macrotis
• Big Crested Mastiff Bat - Promops centralis
• Brown Mastiff Bat - Promops nasutus
• Brazilian Free-tailed Bat - Tadarida brasiliensis

Primates

Callitrichidae - Tamarins, Lion Tamarins and Marmosets

• Dwarf Marmoset - Callibella humilis
• Goeldi's Monkey - Callimico goeldii
• Buffy-tufted Marmoset - Callithrix aurita
• Buffy-headed Marmoset - Callithrix flaviceps
• White-headed Marmoset - Callithrix geoffroyi
• Common Marmoset - Callithrix jacchus
• Wied's Marmoset - Callithrix kuhlii
• Black-tufted Marmoset - Callithrix penicillata
• Pygmy Marmoset - Cebuella pygmaea
• Superagui Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus caissara
• Golden-headed Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus chrysomelas
• Black Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus chrysopygus
• Golden Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus rosalia
• Rio Acari Marmoset - Mico acariensis
• Golden-and-white Marmoset - Mico chrysoleucus
• Emilia's Marmoset - Mico emiliae
• Santarem Marmoset - Mico humeralifer
• Aripuanã Marmoset - Mico intermedius
• White Marmoset - Mico leucippe
• Manicore Marmoset - Mico manicorensis
• Marca's Marmoset - Mico marcai
• Maués Marmoset - Mico mauesi
• Black-tailed Marmoset - Mico melanurus
• Black-headed Marmoset - Mico nigriceps
• Sateré Marmoset - Mico saterei
• Pied Tamarin - Saguinus bicolor
• Brown-mantled Tamarin - Saguinus fuscicollis
• Emperor Tamarin - Saguinus imperator
• Mottled-face Tamarin - Saguinus inustus
• White-lipped Tamarin - Saguinus labiatus
• Martin's Tamarin - Saguinus martinsi
• Red-handed Tamarin - Saguinus midas
• Moustached Tamarin - Saguinus mystax
• Black Tamarin - Saguinus niger
• Black-mantled Tamarin - Saguinus nigricollis

Cebidae - Capuchin Monkeys

• White-fronted Capuchin - Cebus albifrons
• Tufted Capuchin - Cebus apella
• Kaapori Capuchin - Cebus kaapori
• Black-striped Capuchin - Cebus libidinosus
• Large-headed Capuchin - Cebus macrocephalus
• Black Capuchin - Cebus nigritus
• Weeper Capuchin - Cebus olivaceus
• Crested Capuchin - Cebus robustus
• Golden-bellied Capuchin - Cebus xanthosternos
• Black-capped Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri boliviensis
• Common Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri sciureus
• Bare-eared Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri ustus
• Black Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri vanzolinii

Aotidae - Night Monkeys

• Feline Night Monkey - Aotus infulatus
• Nancy Ma's Night Monkey - Aotus nancymaae
• Black-headed Night Monkey - Aotus nigriceps
• Three-striped Night Monkey - Aotus trivirgatus
• Spix's Night Monkey - Aotus vociferans

Pitheciidae - Uakaris, Titi Monkeys and Saki Monkeys

• Bald Uakari - Cacajao calvus
• Black-headed Uakari - Cacajao melanocephalus
• Ayres Uakari - Cacajao ayresii
• Baptista Lake Titi - Callicebus baptista
• Barbara Brown's Titi - Callicebus barbarabrownae
• Prince Bernhard's Titi - Callicebus bernhardi
• Brown Titi - Callicebus brunneus
• Chestnut-bellied Titi - Callicebus caligatus
• Ashy Black Titi - Callicebus cinerascens
• Coimbra Filho's Titi - Callicebus coimbrai
• Coppery Titi - Callicebus cupreus
• White-eared Titi - Callicebus donacophilus
• Hershkovitz's Titi - Callicebus dubius
• Hoffmann's Titi - Callicebus hoffmannsi
• Lucifer Titi - Callicebus lucifer
• Black Titi - Callicebus lugens
• Coastal Black-handed Titi - Callicebus melanochir
• Red-bellied Titi - Callicebus moloch
• Black-fronted Titi - Callicebus nigrifrons
• White-coated Titi - Callicebus pallescens
• Atlantic Titi - Callicebus personatus
• Rio Purus Titi - Callicebus purinus
• Red-headed Titi - Callicebus regulus
• Stephen Nash's Titi - Callicebus stephennashi
• Collared Titi - Callicebus torquatus
• White-nosed Saki - Chiropotes albinasus
• Red-backed Bearded Saki - Chiropotes chiropotes
• Brown-backed Bearded Saki - Chiropotes israelita
• Guianan Bearded Saki - Chiropotes sagulatus
• Black Bearded Saki - Chiropotes satanas
• Uta Hick's Bearded Saki - Chiropotes utahicki
• White-footed Saki - Pithecia albicans
• Rio Tapajós Saki - Pithecia irrorata
• Monk Saki - Pithecia monachus
• White-faced Saki - Pithecia pithecia

Atelidae - Spider Monkeys, Muriquis and Woolly Monkeys

• Red-handed Howler - Alouatta belzebul
• Black Howler - Alouatta caraya
• Brown Howler - Alouatta guariba
• Amazon Black Howler - Alouatta nigerrima
• Red Howler - Alouatta seniculus
• Howler Monkey - Alouatta ululata
• White-fronted Spider Monkey - Ateles belzebuth
• Peruvian Spider Monkey - Ateles chamek
• White-cheeked Spider Monkey - Ateles marginatus
• Red-faced Spider Monkey - Ateles paniscus
• Southern Muriqui - Brachyteles arachnoides
• Northern Muriqui - Brachyteles hypoxanthus
• Gray Woolly Monkey - Lagothrix cana
• Brown Woolly Monkey - Lagothrix lagothricha
• Silvery Woolly Monkey - Lagothrix poeppigii

Carnivora

Canidae - Foxes, Wolves and Allies

• Short-eared Dog - Atelocynus microtis
• Crab-eating Fox - Cerdocyon thous
• Maned Wolf - Chrysocyon brachyurus
• Pampas Fox - Lycalopex gymnocercus
• Hoary Fox - Lycalopex vetulus
• Bush Dog - Speothos venaticus

Felidae - Wild Cats

• Feral Cat - Felis catus (introduced species)
• Jaguarundi - Herpailurus yaguarondi
• Ocelot - Leopardus pardalis
• Little Spotted Cat - Leopardus tigrinus
• Margay - Leopardus wiedii
• Pampas Cat - Lynchailurus braccatus
• Geoffroy's Cat - Oncifelis geoffroyi
• Jaguar - Panthera onca
• Puma - Puma concolor

Mustelidae - Otters, Weasels and Allies

• Tayra - Eira barbara
• Lesser Grison - Galictis cuja
• Greater Grison - Galictis vittata
• Neotropical River Otter - Lontra longicaudis
• Tropical Weasel - Mustela africana
• Long-tailed Weasel - Mustela frenata
• Giant Otter - Pteronura brasiliensis

Mephitidae - Skunks

• Molina's Hog-nosed Skunk - Conepatus chinga
• Striped Hog-nosed Skunk - Conepatus semistriatus

Otariidae - Eared Seals

• South American Fur Seal - Arctocephalus australis
• Subantarctic Fur Seal - Arctocephalus tropicalis
• South American Sea Lion - Otaria flavescens

Phocidae - Earless Seals

• Leopard Seal - Hydrurga leptonyx
• Crabeater Seal - Lobodon carcinophaga
• Southern Elephant Seal - Mirounga leonina

Procyonidae - Raccoons, Coatis, Olingos and Allies

• Beddard's Olingo - Bassaricyon beddardi
• South American Coati - Nasua nasua
• Kinkajou - Potos flavus
• Crab-eating Raccoon - Procyon cancrivorus

Cetacea

Balaenidae - Right Whales

• Southern Right Whale - Eubalaena australis

Balaenopteridae - Rorquals

• Minke Whale - Balaenoptera acutorostrata
• Sei Whale - Balaenoptera borealis
• Bryde's Whale - Balaenoptera brydei
• Blue Whale - Balaenoptera musculus
• Fin Whale - Balaenoptera physalus
• Humpback Whale - Megaptera novaeangliae

Delphinidae - Dolphins

• Long-beaked Common Dolphin - Delphinus capensis
• Pygmy Killer Whale - Feresa attenuata
• Short-finned Pilot Whale - Globicephala macrorhynchus
• Long-finned Pilot Whale - Globicephala melas
• Risso's Dolphin - Grampus griseus
• Fraser's Dolphin - Lagenodelphis hosei
• Southern Right-Whale Dolphin - Lissodelphis peronii
• Killer Whale - Orcinus orca
• Melon-headed Whale - Peponocephala electra
• False Killer Whale - Pseudorca crassidens
• Tucuxi - Sotalia fluviatilis
• Pantropical Spotted Dolphin - Stenella attenuata
• Clymene Dolphin - Stenella clymene
• Striped Dolphin - Stenella coeruleoalba
• Spinner Dolphin - Stenella longirostris
• Rough-toothed Dolphin - Steno bredanensis
• Bottlenose Dolphin - Tursiops truncatus

Phocoenidae - Porpoises

• Spectacled Porpoise - Phocoena dioptrica

Physeteridae

• Sperm Whale - Physeter macrocephalus

Platanistidae - River Dolphins

• Pink River Dolphin - Inia geoffrensis
• Franciscana - Pontoporia blainvillei

Ziphiidae - Beaked Whales

• Arnoux's Beaked Whale - Berardius arnuxii
• Southern Bottlenose Whale - Hyperoodon planifrons
• Blainville's Beaked Whale - Mesoplodon densirostris
• Hector's Beaked Whale - Mesoplodon hectori
• Cuvier's Beaked Whale - Ziphius cavirostris

Sirenia

Trichechidae - Manatees

• Amazonian Manatee - Trichechus inunguis
• West Indian Manatee - Trichechus manatus

Perissodactyla

Tapiridae - Tapirs

• Brazilian Tapir - Tapirus terrestris

Artiodactyla

Suidae - Pigs

• Feral Hog - Sus scrofa (introduced species)

Tayassuidae - Peccaries

• Collared Peccary - Pecari tajacu
• White-lipped Peccary - Tayassu pecari

Cervidae - Deers

• Chital or Axis deer - Axis axis (introduced species)
• Marsh deer - Blastocerus dichotomus
• Red Brocket - Mazama americana
• Gray Brocket - Mazama gouazoubira
• Pygmy Brocket - Mazama nana
• White-tailed deer - Odocoileus virginianus
• Pampas deer - Ozotoceros bezoarticus

Rodentia

Sciuridae - Squirrels

• Amazon Dwarf Squirrel - Microsciurus flaviventer
• Neotropical Pygmy Squirrel - Sciurillus pusillus
• Brazilian Squirrel - Sciurus aestuans
• Yellow-throated Squirrel - Sciurus gilvigularis
• Bolivian Squirrel - Sciurus ignitus
• Northern Amazon Red Squirrel - Sciurus igniventris
• Southern Amazon Red Squirrel - Sciurus spadiceus

Myocastoridae

• Nutria - Myocastor coypus

Muridae - Old World rats and Allies

• Norway Rat - Rattus norvegicus (introduced species)
• Black Rat - Rattus rattus (introduced species)
• House Mouse - Mus musculus (introduced species)

Cricetidae - New World rats and Allies

• Ruschi's Rat - Abrawayaomys ruschii
• Azara's Grass Mouse - Akodon azarae
• Cursor Grass Mouse - Akodon cursor
• Lindbergh's Grass Mouse - Akodon lindberghi
• Montane Grass Mouse - Akodon montensis
• Caparaó Grass Mouse - Akodon mystax
• Paraná Grass Mouse - Akodon paranaensis
• Reig's Grass Mouse - Akodon reigi
• Sao Paulo Grass Mouse - Akodon sanctipaulensis
• Cerrado Grass Mouse - Akodon serrensis
• Large-lipped Crimson-nosed Rat - Bibimys labiosus
• Brazilian Shrew Mouse - Blarinomys breviceps
• White-nosed Brucie - Brucepattersonius albinasus
• Gray-bellied Brucie - Brucepattersonius griserufescens
• Red-bellied Brucie - Brucepattersonius igniventris
• Ihering's Hocicudo - Brucepattersonius iheringi
• Soricine Brucie - Brucepattersonius soricinus
• Large Vesper Mouse - Calomys callosus
• Small Vesper Mouse - Calomys laucha
• Delicate Vesper Mouse - Calomys tener
• Tocantins Vesper Mouse - Calomys tocantinsi
• Striped Atlantic Forest Rat - Delomys dorsalis
• Pallid Atlantic Forest Rat - Delomys sublineatus
• Gray Leaf-eared Mouse - Graomys griseoflavus
• Web-footed Marsh Rat - Holochilus brasiliensis
• Wagner's Marsh Rat - Holochilus sciureus
• Lesser Wilfred's Mouse - Juliomys pictipes
• Wilfred's Mouse - Juliomys rimofrons
• Candango Mouse - Juscelinomys talpinus
• Molelike Mouse - Juscelinomys vulpinus
• Woolly Giant Rat - Kunsia tomentosus
• Cane Mouse - Lundomys molitor
• Brasilia's Mouse - Microakodontomys transitorius
• Bristly Mouse - Neacomys dubosti
• Guiana Bristly Mouse - Neacomys guianae
• Jurua Bristly Mouse - Neacomys minutus
• Manu Bristly Mouse - Neacomys musseri
• Negro Bristly Mouse - Neacomys paracou
• Northern Bristly Mouse - Neacomys spinosus
• Narrow-footed Bristly Mouse - Neacomys tenuipes
• Hairy-tailed Bolo Mouse - Necromys lasiurus
• Scaly-footed Water Rat - Nectomys squamipes
• Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys auyantepui
• Bicolored Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys bicolor
• Cleber's Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys cleberi
• Unicolored Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys concolor
• Mamore Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys mamorae
• Brazilian Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys paricola
• King Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys rex
• Robert's Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys roberti
• Trinidad Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys trinitatis
• Chacoan Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys chacoensis
• Delta Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys delticola
• Brazilian Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys eliurus
• Yellow Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys flavescens
• Fulvous Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys fulvescens
• Small-eared Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys microtis
• Black-footed Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys nigripes
• Straw-colored Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys stramineus
• Paraguayan Rice Rat - Oryzomys angouya
• Emmons's Rice Rat - Oryzomys emmonsae
• Brazilian Rice Rat - Oryzomys laticeps
• Macconnell's Rice Rat - Oryzomys macconnelli
• Marinho Rice Rat - Oryzomys marinhus
• Elegant Rice Rat - Oryzomys nitidus
• Allen's Rice Rat - Oryzomys perenensis
• Big-headed Rice Rat - Oryzomys russatus
• Seuanez's Rice Rat - Oryzomys seuanezi
• Terraced Rice Rat - Oryzomys subflavus
• Yungas Rice Rat - Oryzomys yunganus
• Amazonian Hocicudo - Oxymycterus amazonicus
• Angular Hocicudo - Oxymycterus angularis
• Caparaó Hocicudo - Oxymycterus caparaoe
• Hispid Hocicudo - Oxymycterus hispidus
• Long-nosed Hocicudo - Oxymycterus nasutus
• Robert's Hocicudo - Oxymycterus roberti
• Red Hocicudo - Oxymycterus rufus
• Rio de Janeiro Arboreal Rat - Phaenomys ferrugineus
• Brazilian False Rice Rat - Pseudoryzomys simplex
• Brazilian Arboreal Mouse - Rhagomys rufescens
• Gardner's Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys gardneri
• White-footed Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys leucodactylus
• MacConnell's Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys macconnelli
• Long-tailed Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys mastacalis
• Splendid Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys nitela
• Waterhouse's Swamp Rat - Scapteromys tumidus
• Ucayali Spiny Mouse - Scolomys ucayalensis
• Alston's Cotton Rat - Sigmodon alstoni
• Hispid Cotton Rat - Sigmodon hispidus
• Cerrado Mouse - Thalpomys cerradensis
• Hairy-eared Cerrado Mouse - Thalpomys lasiotis
• Blackish Grass Mouse - Thaptomys nigrita
• Red-nosed Mouse - Wiedomys pyrrhorhinos
• Greater Wilfred's Mouse - Wilfredomys oenax
• Short-tailed Cane Rat - Zygodontomys brevicauda

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

• Bristle-spined Porcupine - Chaetomys subspinosus
• Bahia Hairy Dwarf Porcupine - Coendou insidiosus
• Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine - Coendou melanurus
• Koopman's Porcupine - Coendou nycthemera
• Brazilian Porcupine - Coendou prehensilis
• Van Roosmalen's Porcupine - Coendou roosmalenorum
• South American Tree Porcupine - Coendou spinosus
• Orange-spined Hairy Dwarf Porcupine - Coendou villosus

Dinomyidae

• Pacarana - Dinomys branickii

Caviidae - Guinea Pigs and Cavies

• Brazilian Guinea Pig - Cavia aperea
• Shiny Guinea Pig - Cavia fulgida
• Santa Catarina´s Guinea Pig - Cavia intermedia
• Greater Guinea Pig - Cavia magna
• Domestic Guinea Pig - Cavia porcellus
• Yellow-toothed Cavy - Galea flavidens
• Spix's Yellow-toothed Cavy - Galea spixii
• Acrobatic Cavy - Kerodon acrobata
• Rock Cavy - Kerodon rupestris

Hydrochaeridae

• Capybara - Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris

Dasyproctidae - Agoutis and Acouchis

• Azara's Agouti - Dasyprocta azarae
• Black Agouti - Dasyprocta fuliginosa
• Brazilian Agouti - Dasyprocta leporina
• Black-rumped Agouti - Dasyprocta prymnolopha
• Central American Agouti - Dasyprocta punctata
• Red Acouchi - Myoprocta acouchy
• Green Acouchi - Myoprocta pratti

Cuniculidae

• Paca - Cuniculus paca

Ctenomyidae - Tuco-tucos

• Brazilian Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys brasiliensis
• Flammarion's Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys flammarioni
• Tiny Tucu-tuco - Ctenomys minutus
• Natterer's Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys nattereri
• Rondon's Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys rondoni
• Collared Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys torquatus

Echimyidae - Spiny Rats and Allies

• Painted Tree Rat - Callistomys pictus
• Owl's Spiny Rat - Carterodon sulcidens
• Bishop's Fossorial Spiny Rat - Clyomys bishopi
• Brown-headed Spiny Rat - Clyomys laticeps
• Bolivian Bamboo Rat - Dactylomys boliviensis
• Amazon Bamboo Rat - Dactylomys dactylinus
• White-faced Tree Rat - Echimys chrysurus
• Giant Tree Rat - Echimys grandis
• Brandt's Guiara - Euryzygomatomys guiara
• Fischer's Guiara - Euryzygomatomys spinosus
• Yellow-crowned Brush-tailed Rat - Isothrix bistriata
• Dark Brush-tailed Tree Rat - Isothrix negrensis
• Plain Brush-tailed Rat - Isothrix pagurus
• Southern Bamboo Rat - Kannabateomys amblyonyx
• Tuft-tailed Spiny Tree Rat - Lonchothrix emiliae
• Long-tailed Tree Rat - Makalata macrura
• Spiny Tree Rat - Mesomys hispidus
• Furtive Spiny Tree Rat - Mesomys occultus
• Surinam Spiny Tree Rat - Mesomys stimulax
• Golden Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys blainvilii
• Red-nosed Tree Rat - Phyllomys brasiliensis
• Drab Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys dasythrix
• Moojen's Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys kerri
• Palid Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys lamarum
• Lundi's Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys lundi
• Mantiqueira Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys mantiqueirensis
• Thomas' Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys medius
• Black-spined Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys nigrispinus
• Rusty-sided Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys pattoni
• Giant Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys thomasi
• Wagner's Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys unicolor
• Venezuelan Spiny Rat - Proechimys amphichoricus
• Huallaga Spiny Rat - Proechimys brevicauda
• Cayenne Spiny Rat - Proechimys cayennensis
• Cuvier's Spiny Rat - Proechimys cuvieri
• Tefe Spiny Rat - Proechimys echinothrix
• Gardner's Spiny Rat - Proechimys gardneri
• Goeldi's Spiny Rat - Proechimys goeldii
• Guyanan Spiny Rat - Proechimys hoplomyoides
• Javari Spiny Rat - Proechimys kulinae
• Long-tailed Spiny Rat - Proechimys longicaudatus
• Mouse-tailed Spiny Rat - Proechimys myosuros
• Para Spiny Rat - Proechimys oris
• Patton's Spiny Rat - Proechimys pattoni
• Napo Spiny Rat - Proechimys quadruplicatus
• Simon's Spiny Rat - Proechimys simonsi
• Steere's Spiny Rat - Proechimys steerei
• Punare - Thrichomys apereoides
• White-spined Spiny Rat - Trinomys albispinus
• Atlantic Spiny Rat - Trinomys dimidiatus
• Rio de Janeiro Spiny Rat - Trinomys eliasi
• Graceful Spiny Rat - Trinomys gratiosus
• Ihering's Spiny Rat - Trinomys iheringi
• Mirapitanga Spiny Rat - Trinomys mirapitanga
• Moojen's Spiny Rat - Trinomys moojeni
• Espirito Santo Spiny Rat - Trinomys paratus
• Hairy Spiny Rat - Trinomys setosus
• Yonenaga's Spiny Rat - Trinomys yonenagae

Lagomorpha

Leporidae - Rabbits and Hares

• European Hare - Lepus europaeus (introduced species)
• Brazilian Rabbit - Sylvilagus brasiliensis

References

• Costa, L.P. et al. 2005. Mammal Conservation in Brazil. Conservation Biology 19(3), pp.672-679.
• natureserve.org

See also

• Wildlife of Brazil
• List of Brazilian birds
• List of amphibians in Brazil
• List of Brazilian reptiles
• List of regional mammals lists
• List of mammals