Coboconk was founded in 1851. The name is from the Ojibwa term gakaabikaang, meaning "waterfalls". For a time, the community's railway station was named Shedden after the president of the Toronto and Nipissing Railway. Local residents had the original name restored in 1880.
The local post office on Albert St. services locals with lock boxes and 1 rural route.
Coboconk was also associated with another dubious event: some of the remains of 2005 murder victim Alicia Ross were recovered in Coboconk following her killer's confession.
The village is the hometown of the main character in the music video for "Take Me to the Riot" by the Canadian indie rock band Stars. The song is from the album In Our Bedroom after the War released in 2007.