He was the fourth surviving son of John Christian, Duke of Brieg (1602-1639), and his first wife Sibylla, the daughter of John George, Elector of Brandenburg. With the death of his brother Ludwig (1663), he was invested with the duchies of Wohlau and Ohlau, but with the death of his eldest brother, Duke George III of Brieg (1664), Christian received those territories as well. He died aged fifty-three.

Christian was married (1648) to Louise (1631 - 1680), the daughter of John Casimir, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, by whom he left two surviving children, Duke George William (1660-1675), who died childless aged fifteen, the last male of the Silesian Piasts, and a daughter, Caroline (1652-1707), the wife of Duke Frederick of Holstein-Sonderburg-Wiesenburg.

References

• Prince W.K. von Isenburg & D. Schwennicke (1984). Europaische Stammtafeln (Vol III, Part I - Table 11), Marburg.