Chapman, George, 1559?-1634, English dramatist, translator, and poet. He is as famous for his plays as for his poetic translations of Homer's Iliad (1612) and Odyssey (1614-15). Chapman was a classical scholar, and his work shows the influence of the Stoic philosophers, Epictetus and Seneca. In his best-known tragedies, Bussy D'Ambois (1607) and The Conspiracy and Tragedy of Byron (1608), the stoical hero is in classical tragedic style destroyed by some innate flaw. Chapman wrote and collaborated on nearly a dozen comedies, the most notable being All Fools (1605) and Eastward Ho! (1605), the latter written with Ben Jonson and John Marston. Included among his other works are several metaphysical poems, a completed version of Marlowe's Hero and Leander (1598), and translations of Petrarch and Hesiod.

Chapman, John, 1774-1845, American pioneer, more familiarly known as Johnny Appleseed, b. Massachusetts. From Pennsylvania—where he had sold or given saplings and apple seeds to families migrating westward—he traveled c.1800 to present-day Ohio, sowing apple seeds as he went. For over 40 years Johnny Appleseed continued to wander up and down Ohio, Indiana, and W Pennsylvania, visiting his forest nurseries to prune and care for them and helping hundreds of settlers to establish orchards of their own. His ragged dress, eccentric ways, and religious turn of mind attracted attention, and he became a familiar figure to settlers. Scores of legends were told of him after he died. However, it was verified that in the War of 1812 he traveled 30 mi (48 km) to summon American troops to Mansfield, Ohio, thus forestalling a raid by Native Americans who were allied with the British. He died near Fort Wayne, Ind.

Chapman, John Gadsby, 1808-90, American painter, b. Alexandria, Va. Chapman is noted for his colored etchings of the Roman compagna and the American landscape. His historical painting The Baptism of Pocahontas is in the Capitol in Washington, D.C.

Chapman, John Jay, 1862-1933, American essayist and poet, b. New York City, grad. Harvard, 1885. He was admitted to the bar in 1888, but after 10 years abandoned law for literature. Active in the anti-Tammany reform movement in the 1890s, Chapman was an active supporter of civil rights, and a fiery and pertinent observer of politics. Among his works are Emerson and Other Essays (1898), Memories and Milestones (1915), Songs and Poems (1919), and New Horizons in American Life (1932). He also wrote several plays, including The Treason and Death of Benedict Arnold (1910).

Chapman, Maria Weston, 1806-85, American abolitionist, b. Weymouth, Mass. In 1834 she became a close associate of William Lloyd Garrison, helped organize the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society, and for several years was treasurer of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society. She edited (1877) the autobiography of her friend Harriet Martineau.

(born Jan. 26, 1884, Beloit, Wis., U.S.—died March 11, 1960, Carmel, Calif.) U.S. naturalist, explorer, and author. In 1906 he joined the staff of the American Museum of Natural History, where he would spend much of his working life. There he assembled one of the best collections of cetaceans in the world before turning his attention to Asiatic exploration. He led expeditions to the Tibet region, southwestern China, and Burma (1916–17); northern China and Outer Mongolia (1919); and Central Asia. Important discoveries included the first known dinosaur eggs, skeleton parts of Baluchitherium (the largest known land mammal), and evidence of prehistoric human life. His many books for the general public include Across Mongolian Plains (1921) and This Amazing Planet (1940).

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orig. Maria Weston

(born July 25, 1806, Weymouth, Mass., U.S.—died July 12, 1885, Weymouth) U.S. abolitionist. She was principal of the Young Ladies' High School in Boston from 1828 to 1830, when she married Henry Chapman, a Boston merchant. In 1832, with 12 other women, she founded the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. Later she became chief assistant to William Lloyd Garrison, helping him to run the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society and to edit The Liberator, a widely circulated abolitionist publication. In 1839 she published a pamphlet arguing that the divisions among abolitionists stemmed from their disagreements over women's rights.

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orig. John Chapman

(born Sept. 26, 1774, Leominster, Mass.—died March 18?, 1845, near Ft. Wayne, Ind., U.S.) U.S. pioneer and folk hero. He was trained as a nurseryman and began circa 1800 collecting apple seeds from cider presses in Pennsylvania. He then traveled west to the Ohio River valley, planting apple seeds along the way. He tended 1,200 acres of his own orchards and was responsible for hundreds of square miles of others, having sold or given away thousands of apple seedlings to pioneers. His kind and generous nature, devout spirituality, affinity for the Indians and the wilderness, and eccentric appearance (including bare feet, a coffee-sack shirt, and a mush pan for a hat) helped make him a figure of legend.

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orig. Maria Weston

(born July 25, 1806, Weymouth, Mass., U.S.—died July 12, 1885, Weymouth) U.S. abolitionist. She was principal of the Young Ladies' High School in Boston from 1828 to 1830, when she married Henry Chapman, a Boston merchant. In 1832, with 12 other women, she founded the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. Later she became chief assistant to William Lloyd Garrison, helping him to run the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society and to edit The Liberator, a widely circulated abolitionist publication. In 1839 she published a pamphlet arguing that the divisions among abolitionists stemmed from their disagreements over women's rights.

Learn more about Chapman, Maria Weston with a free trial on Britannica.com.

orig. Carrie Lane

(born Jan. 9, 1859, Ripon, Wis., U.S.—died March 9, 1947, New Rochelle, N.Y.) U.S. advocate of woman suffrage. A graduate of Iowa State College (1880), she became a high-school principal in Mason City, Iowa, in 1881 and superintendent of schools two years later; she was one of the first U.S. women to hold such a post. She married Leo Chapman in 1884. After his untimely death in 1886 she devoted herself to organizing the Iowa Woman Suffrage Association (1887–90). Her marriage to George W. Catt, an engineer, in 1890, was unusual in its prenuptial legal contract providing her with four months of free time each year to work exclusively for woman suffrage. In 1900 she was elected to succeed Susan B. Anthony as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). Between 1905 and 1915 Catt reorganized the NAWSA along political district lines. By then an accomplished public speaker, she served as the group's president from 1915 until her death. After ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment, which granted voting rights to women, she reorganized the NAWSA as the League of Women Voters to work for progressive legislation, including the cause of world peace. Seealso woman suffrage movement.

Learn more about Catt, Carrie Chapman with a free trial on Britannica.com.

orig. Carrie Lane

(born Jan. 9, 1859, Ripon, Wis., U.S.—died March 9, 1947, New Rochelle, N.Y.) U.S. advocate of woman suffrage. A graduate of Iowa State College (1880), she became a high-school principal in Mason City, Iowa, in 1881 and superintendent of schools two years later; she was one of the first U.S. women to hold such a post. She married Leo Chapman in 1884. After his untimely death in 1886 she devoted herself to organizing the Iowa Woman Suffrage Association (1887–90). Her marriage to George W. Catt, an engineer, in 1890, was unusual in its prenuptial legal contract providing her with four months of free time each year to work exclusively for woman suffrage. In 1900 she was elected to succeed Susan B. Anthony as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). Between 1905 and 1915 Catt reorganized the NAWSA along political district lines. By then an accomplished public speaker, she served as the group's president from 1915 until her death. After ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment, which granted voting rights to women, she reorganized the NAWSA as the League of Women Voters to work for progressive legislation, including the cause of world peace. Seealso woman suffrage movement.

Learn more about Catt, Carrie Chapman with a free trial on Britannica.com.

(born Jan. 26, 1884, Beloit, Wis., U.S.—died March 11, 1960, Carmel, Calif.) U.S. naturalist, explorer, and author. In 1906 he joined the staff of the American Museum of Natural History, where he would spend much of his working life. There he assembled one of the best collections of cetaceans in the world before turning his attention to Asiatic exploration. He led expeditions to the Tibet region, southwestern China, and Burma (1916–17); northern China and Outer Mongolia (1919); and Central Asia. Important discoveries included the first known dinosaur eggs, skeleton parts of Baluchitherium (the largest known land mammal), and evidence of prehistoric human life. His many books for the general public include Across Mongolian Plains (1921) and This Amazing Planet (1940).

Learn more about Andrews, Roy Chapman with a free trial on Britannica.com.

Chapman is a city in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. The population was 1,241 at the 2000 census.

Geography

Chapman is located at (38.971772, -97.021791).

According to KANSAS: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc., "The first settlement was made at Chapman in 1868, and the same year Jackman's mill was built on Chapman creek a little northeast of the present town. James Streeter and S. M. Strickler laid out the town in 1871" .

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.8 square miles (2.0 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,900 people, 800 households, and 848 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,627.4 people per square mile (630.5/km²). There were 534 housing units at an average density of 700.3/sq mi (271.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 84.76% White, 8.48% African American, 4.97% Native American, 1.40% Asian, 1.00% Pacific Islander, 0.73% from other races, and 2.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.98% of the population.

There were 488 households out of which 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.5% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the city the population was spread out with 24.6% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $40,000, and the median income for a family was $44,063. Males had a median income of $30,536 versus $22,891 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,842. About 0.3% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.2% of those under age 18 and 0.1% of those age 65 or over.

June 2008 Tornado

On the evening of June 11, 2008, a 1/2 mile wide tornado swept through Chapman. The tornado moved from the southwest side of town, through the central business district, and then on out of town. Many buildings and structures in the town suffered extensive damage; most of the downtown area was obliterated and over 60 homes were destroyed. At least one person was confirmed dead in early reports. The American Red Cross estimated that seventy-five percent of homes suffered major damage and/or were destroyed. School buildings and churches suffered extensive damage and at least 200 people were displaced from the town.

Sharon Watson, public affairs director for the Kansas Army National Guard, said the damage was "very reminiscent of Greensburg," a small city in southwestern Kansas that was similarly damaged during the May 2007 Tornado Outbreak.

Notable natives

• Joseph Henry Engle: Space Shuttle astronaut
• Frankie Burke, actor

References

External links

• City of Chapman, KS
• Chapman High School Website
• Picasa album of tornado damage, 6-2008