Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide encyclopedia topics

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Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide - 1 reference result

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Cathelicidin

Members of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial polypeptides are characterized by a highly conserved region (cathelin domain) and a highly variable cathelicidin peptide domain. Cathelicidin peptides have been isolated from many different species of mammals. Cathelicidins were originally found in neutrophils but have since been found in many other cells including epithelial cells and macrophages activated by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or the hormone 1,25-D.

The cathelicidin family shares primary sequence homology with the cathepsin family of cysteine proteinase inhibitors, although amino acid residues thought to be important in such protease inhibition are usually lacking. Cathelicidins serve a critical role in mammalian innate immune defense against invasive bacterial infection.

Richard L. Gallo and colleagues recently noticed that patients with rosacea had elevated levels of cathelicidin and elevated levels of stratum corneum tryptic enzymes (SCTEs). Antibiotics have been used in the past to treat rosacea, but antibiotics may only work because they inhibit some SCTEs.

References

Dürr UH, Sudheendra US, Ramamoorthy A (2006). "LL-37, the only human member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1758 (9): 1408–25.
Chromek M, Slamová Z, Bergman P, Kovács L, Podracká L, Ehrén I, Hökfelt T, Gudmundsson GH, Gallo RL, Agerberth B, Brauner A (2006). "The antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin protects the urinary tract against invasive bacterial infection". Nat. Med. 12 (6): 636–41.
Gombart AF, Borregaard N, Koeffler HP (2005). "Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene is a direct target of the vitamin D receptor and is strongly up-regulated in myeloid cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3". FASEB J. 19 (9): 1067–77.
López-García B, Lee PH, Gallo RL (2006). "Expression and potential function of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides in dermatophytosis and tinea versicolor". J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 57 (5): 877–82.