Calf Creek Culture was a nomadic hunter-gatherer people who lived on the Great Plains of North America, especially in the area of what is today Oklahoma. The Calf Creek culture was active during the Archaic Period, approximately 5,000 years ago.

The Calf Creek people were noted for their use of large, heat-treated flint spearheads.

The discovery in 2003 of a 5,000-year-old bison skull along the banks of the Arkansas River with a Calf Creek culture spearhead embedded in it was the subject of an episode of the PBS television series History Detectives .

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