CAx is a broad term describing the use of computer technology to aid in the design, analysis and manufacture of products. Advanced CAx tools merge many different aspects of the product lifecycle management (PLM), including design, analysis using FEA (finite element analysis), manufacturing, production planning, product testing using virtual lab models and visualization, product documentation, product support, etc. CAx encompasses a broad range of tools, both those commercially available and those which are proprietary to the engineering firm. The term CAD/CAM is also often used in the context of a software tool covering a number of engineering functions.
List
- CAD;
- Computer-aided architectural design (CAAD)
- Computer-aided design and drafting (CADD)
- Computer-aided drafting (CAD)
- Computer-aided electrical and electronic design (ECAD)
- Computer-aided industrial design (CAID)
- Computer-aided diagnostics (CAD/NDE)
- Computer-aided engineering analysis (CAE/MCAE);
- Computer-aided issue resolution (CAIR);
- Computer-aided manufacturing capability (CAMC);
- Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM);
- Computer-aided material information (CAMI);
- Computer-aided package selection (CAPS);
- Computer-aided process planning (CAPP)
- Computer-aided quality assurance (CAQ)
- Computer-aided reporting(CAR);
- Computer-aided requirements capture (CAR);
- Computer-aided rule definition (CARD);
- Computer-aided rule execution (CARE);
- Computer-aided software engineering (CASE);
- Component information system (CIS);
- Coordinate measurement (CMM);
- Electronic design automation (EDA);
- Enterprise resource planning (ERP);
- Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE)
- Manufacturing Process Management (MPM)
- Manufacturing process planning (MPP);
- Manufacturing resource planning (MRP);
- Product data management (PDM)
- Product lifecycle management (PLM)
- Reverse engineering (RE)
See also
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Last updated on Monday September 29, 2008 at 05:28:39 PDT (GMT -0700)
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Carlisle has a CAA Public Use Aerodrome Licence (Number P855) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction, up to an MTWA of 12.5 tonnes.
Being located on a strategic hill side, Carlisle airport has been the location for some pre-historic resident excavations
RAF Crosby-on-Eden
In the early 1930s, the Carlisle County Borough council opened Kingstown Municipal Airport, at the time outside the borough boundaries which later became the RAF Kingstown and is now Kingstown or Kingmoor Industrial estate. With the outbreak of war in 1939, RAF Kingstown's runway was too small for bombers, so the Royal Air Force developed a new airstrip at Crosby-on-Eden . The new facility came into operation in February 1941 for training operations, designating the station RAF Crosby-on-Eden.Originally housing No.59 Operational Training Unit the station provided day training for Hawker Hurricane pilots , which was replaced by OTU17 Group Coastal Command in August 1942 for training long-range fighter crews on Bristol Beaufort and Bristol Beaufighter conversion squadrons, as well as air firing and night flying . In August 1944 the station came under the command of 109 OTU, a transport command of Douglas Dakotas . The station was renamed 1383 TCU 1/8/45. After World War II British European Airways commenced flights to Ronaldsway and Belfast. However, the station had no post war use or need, as was closed in [[1947]and the airfeild returned to Carlisle Council to continue as a Municipal Airport ].
Carlisle Airport
In 1960 Carlisle City Council purchased the site and renamed it Carlisle Airport. After a short refurbishment program it was licensed in 1961 for training purposes and civilian flights to destinations including London, the Channel Islands, Belfast and the Isle of Man . Most of the original RAF structures remain intact today, although a lack of investment and maintenance has restricted much of the perimeter road, as well as shortening and weight restricting the runways. ].Although regular scheduled flights from the airport have operated, some have never been viable commercially leading to a series of failed operations.in 1967 Autair started a service to London, using Luton at first, then Heathrow. They also operated a summer service to Jersey. in 1969 they stopped all their schedules and changed their name to Court Line. In 1978 British Nuclear Fuels began flying nuclear material to customers in the UK and Europe, but this was stopped shortly after coming to media attention, but recommenced in 1987. In 1982 Air Ecosse started flights to Scotland (Aberdeen, Glasgow, Dundee), and London, followed a year later for two summer season only to the Isle of Man. After the collapse of Air Ecosse in 1985, it routes collapsed and only the route to London was taken over for two years by EuroAir. Viking began flights to Jersey in [[1985]as a charter operation but the following year operated as a schedule by BAF until October 1987] ], the same year Air Furness briefly revived Isle of Man flights until July 1988 .
On 21 December, 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 crashed at Lockerbie. Carlisle was the nearest airport, and took 4 movements in the 24Hrs before the accident, and 196 in the 24Hrs following the accident - including rescue and media helicopters,a PAN AM 727, and a United States Air Force C-130 Hercules .
In 1993 New Air started a London service to London Stansted Airport, but collapsed two months later. Lakeside Northwest continued the service until the end of the year, but also collapsed - while in 1994 Northumberland-based Geordie Air Travel never got off the ground.
In 1995 Lewis Holidays planned to run Saturday flights to Jersey, while in 1996 Cumbria council refused to give financial support to Belgian airline VLM for 4 flights per day to London City Airport. In 1997 the council agreed to extend the runway to allow Boeing 747's to land into a new air-cargo hub, but the proposal collapsed.
Haughey Airports
As the airport had lost £3.5 million on operations between 1979 and 1994, Carlisle Council agreed to sell the airport on a 150 year lease to Haughey Airports in 2000. The company was owned by Irish entrepreneur Edward Haughey, who owns nearby Corby Castle in Cumbria. Haughey put £4 million into infra structure improvements, and while promising to provide additional facilities and enhancements to the site for The Solway Aviation Museum he failed to honour any of his promises to the Museum before selling the airfield to W. A. Developments in 2006.WA Developments/Stobart
In May 2006, Haughey Airports was acquired by the WA Developments, owned by Andrew Tinkler and William Stobart. Eddie Stobart Ltd., the UK's largest haulage contractor is also part of the WA Developments group, and future plans include locating a joint head quarters building on the site, as well as transport and distribution facilities.Future plans
Major development is planned for Carlisle Airport and could see the introduction of freight and passenger services in the future, along with the possible construction of a new runway to be able to accept larger aircraft, as part of a £21 million development . If the development is completed as projected, then Ryanair have expressed an interest in using the airport as a hub .In 2002 a UK Government paper on UK aviation said that Carlisle Airport could handle between 700,000 and one million passengers a year by 2030, subject to investment in a new terminal.
Solway Aviation Museum
Solway Aviation Museum is an independently run aircraft museum located at Carlisle Airport. The Museum is run by The Solway Aviation Society and staffed by unpaid volunteers. It is a Registered Charity and wholly supported by entrance charges to the Museum, donations and grants where applicable. The Museum building is leased through the generosity of Stobart Aviation who now own the airport. The Building contains exhibits and artefacts relating to many aspects of aviation in Cumbria including World War II and also houses individual displays featuring the development of Blue Streak, Martin Baker ejection seats and the development and activities of the airport itself since the second World War. Museum Web SiteThe current collection includes:
- F-4 Phantom II - the original gate guard at RAF Carlisle
- Avro Vulcan B2 - XJ823 was flown into Carlisle Airport in January 1983, after the Falklands War
- Meteor NF14
- Canberra
- Sea Prince
- Lightning
- Vampire
- Jet Provost
- Whirlwind helicopter
- Nimrod Cockpit section
References
External links
- Carlisle Airport
- Solway Aviation Museum
- Discussion board forum on commercial operations during the 1990s
- MyMetar pilot weather for EGNC
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Last updated on Saturday September 20, 2008 at 23:37:30 PDT (GMT -0700)
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