Artaxerxes (Latin; Greek Ἀρταξέρξης) is a corruption of
Old Persian Artaxšacā, "whose reign is through
arta (truth)" and may refer to:
The throne name of several Achaemenid rulers of the 1st Persian Empire:
- Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 465 BC - 424 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I
- Artaxerxes II Memnon, r. 404 BC - 358 BC, son and successor of Darius II
- Artaxerxes III Ochus, r. 358 BC - 338 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes II
- Artaxerxes IV Arses, r. 338 BC - 336 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes III
- Artaxerxes V Bessus, r. 330 - 329 BC, nobleman who seized the throne from Darius III
Artaxerxes may also refer to:
- Artaxerxes, an opera by Thomas Arne
- Middle Persian Ardashir, which descends from Old Persian Artaxšacā, and is the name of several Sassanid rulers