Africanus, Sextus Julius, c.160-c.240, Christian historian. He wrote Chronologia, a history of the world from the creation to 221. Tying together the events of the Old Testament, the Greek world, and Christianity, this history helped to place the new religion in a historical context.

Africanus, in Latin, means "of Africa". It can refer to:

• a cognomen of ancient Rome associated with the gens Scipio, including among others
• several people named Scipio Africanus; see Scipio Africanus (disambiguation)
• Julius Africanus, an orator in the time of Nero
• Sextus Caecilius Africanus, a 2nd century Roman legal scholar
• Sextus Julius Africanus, a Christian traveller and historian of the 3rd century
• Titus Sextius Africanus, a censor of Gaul in the 1st century; there was also a man with this name in the 2nd century, who was consul under Trajan
• Constantine the African i.e. Constantinus Africanus (11th century)
• Leo Africanus (1488–1554)
• George John Scipio Africanus (1763—1834), a West African negro slave
• Africanus Horton (1835-1883), also known as James Beale, a writer and folklorist from Sierra Leone
• Australopithecus africanus, hominid specimen found in Africa.
• many plants and animals the second part of whose binomial name is "africanus"

Africanis is a group of South African dogs not recognised as a breed.